This isn't a binary solution set. What that means, for non-programmers, is that the choices are not no treatment or the Programs.
For drug abuse and delinquency, community based care has better results than anything else.
Right now, the argument seems to be that some kids grow out of highly illegal pranks and stupid stuff, and grow out of drug abuse, and some kids start a lifelong downward spiral. This is true---but it is just as true of kids who have been in the Programs.
Far fewer kids who get community based care, or even no treatment at all, go into that lifelong downward spiral than the Programs would have us believe.
Far more kids who go into the Programs go into that lifelong downward spiral--particularly suicide in a very short life--than the Programs would have us believe.
Truth: Kids with serious mental illnesses, who are an imminent danger to themselves or others, need institutionalization until they can be stabilized---just like adults with the same conditions.
Also Truth: The facility to stabilize dangerously mentally ill teens needs to be a conventional, medical model, mental hospital. Serious mental illnesses are presently incurable, are lifelong, and cannot be sufficiently controlled by alternative treatments if the patient is dangerous.
Beyond that, community based care simply has the best statistical chance of preventing that downward spiral.
The Programs are inappropriate and ineffective for teens who are dangerously mentally ill.
The Programs cannot cure major mental illnesses--there is no cure. Neither can they help. An individualized combination of medications, strictly voluntary therapies like CBT, and some neuroprotective dietary supplements, are the only known effective treatments. Placing a patient with a major mental illness under high stress, like all of the Programs do, is harmful and terribly dangerous.
The Programs are inappropriate for teens with drug problems
As I said above, the treatment with the statistically best chance of preventing that downward sprial is community based care.
The Programs are inappropriate for criminally misbehaving teens
Programs are harsher than teen prisons. Juvenile hall inspects your letters, but doesn't stop them and doesn't tell you who you can and can't write to.
Everyone accused of a crime deserves a fair trial, and, if convicted, a fair sentence. Programs circumvent that fair trial, dramatically increasing the odds that the teen incarcerated in them will actually be innocent of what he's accused of, and dramatically increasing the odds that even if he is guilty, the punishment is far too harsh for the crime.
The Programs are certainly inappropriate for teens who are not seriously mentally ill, are not drug addicted, and are not criminally delinquent
Why the hell would any decent, sane, human being put a basically normal pain in the butt teen in a private jail?
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The bottom line is that the Program is a cure in search of a problem.
Julie