Here?s how the ?experts? describe ?PTSD?.
http://www.mentalhelp.net/poc/center_index.php?id=109A good article:
http://www.burnsurvivorsttw.org/articles/ptsd1.html?Symptoms? vary, but what all have in common is a precipitating traumatic event. What people experience as ?traumatic? also varies. While one person may be able to shake off a particular event and appear to function well, another may be seriously traumatized. Take 911 for instance. For some it was a devastating event- unable to sleep or had recurring nightmares, unable to enter tall buildings or go on elevators, etc. While others had concerns and legitimate fears, but it didn?t effect their functioning. For some kids, being abducted or tricked into placement in what amounts to prison-like environment, denied access to parents and family is sufficient enough.
The reason I know the program was responsible for my son?s ?PTSD? is that he did not have debilitating insomnia; Wasn?t self-mutilating; Wasn?t devil worshipping; Didn?t have outburst of rage or nightmares; Didn?t skip meals; Didn?t abuse mind-altering substances; Didn?t mistrust all adults and authority; Wasn?t doing poorly in school or social settings, prior to incarceration.
I agree with Ginger. There are many opportunities for kids (and adults) who aren?t in programs to experience trauma. The difference, in my opinion, is that the kids in programs are not allowed to express anger about, or even to talk or cry about what?s happening to them. They are required to remain silent, and punished further if they speak agin? it. Kids on the outside have a better opportunity to vent about a trauma and resolve it. Being traumatized and silenced, while incarcerated by the perpetrator, is like a double whammy, and what happens to what I imagine to be, the majority of kids in programs. When unusual behaviors begin after such an experience, you can not deny the obvious cause.
For those who are interested EMDR has proven to be very effective for ?PTSD?:
http://www.emdr.com/ It?s not an evasive therapy. Short of that, the best thing you can do is listen, without interruption or judgment, to their stories and provide validation- what they experienced was indeed abuse. My son trusted no one, especially therapists, not even the hand-selected counselor I chose. Most times he didn?t show up for appointments. I had sessions with her and she instructed me on how to help him at home. I spent many late nights listening, and providing feedback when appropriate.
Even if teens are not subjected to traumatic abuses, another problem with the ?program culture? in my opinion, is that it generally arrests natural development and the ability to learn how to function democratically in a family or social group. Negative associations can get attached to mundane, but important developmental tasks like keeping one?s space clean and orderly, spending time in nature, making a contribution to the upkeep of the group space, etc. etc; because instead of teaching skills, these activities are often required as a form of punishment. The person may develop aversions to actities that would make their life easier, if they didn't have resistence.
I love this fable regarding ?Who?s job is it?? to ?fix? teenagers:
http://ishmael.com/Education/Writings/rice_u_2_98.shtml