Out of respect to the lady who actually bothered to come on here with a screen name (for what it's worth) and actually engage in some dialogue, I will treat you with the respect that you deserve.
For starters, and this makes a huge difference in my mind, did you and your son agree on wilderness camp/boarding school, or did he go under some kind of coercive threat.
Second, as for alternate solutions, while this isn't available everywhere at the moment, there is what is called a systems of care model that brings in all of the agencies that work with "at-risk" youth (probation, mental health, social services, education) and gets them communicating with each other. Where along with input from the youth themselves, services are provided to prevent the youth from having to leave home. If it's an issue of family dynamics and the adults in the family are at wits end, they can offer respite care, where a social service agency will either take the youth on a weekend trip, or provide "babysitting service" while the family takes a trip of their own. It has proven extremely effective in preventing youth from having to leave the home.
So to answer your question, yes there are alternatives to placing youth in facilities against their will.
As for the "make up year", I believe that question has already been answered. I hope that this response answers some of your questions, and that you may have a more balanced view of wilderness programs/TBS's in the future.
Brian