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General Interest => Thought Reform => Topic started by: Awake on January 06, 2011, 06:20:57 PM

Title: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Awake on January 06, 2011, 06:20:57 PM
The Macy Conferences: The Minds behind Mind Control and the birth of Cybernetics
 

Even before I begin I find I can only hope to impart upon the reader the importance of the Macy Conferences as being perhaps the most important meeting of minds for the purpose of understanding control of human behavior, mind control. The Macy Conferences were a series of conferences that originally, and with extensive effort, organized any and all great minds of the era to further the understanding control in human behavior beginning with the conference titled ‘Cerebral Inhibition’.  These meetings gave birth to Cybernetics. The people involved represent an unprecedented nexus of great minds from the time. I am beginning with a section that outlines the early history of a pivotal individual, Gregory Bateson. (Most of this will be sections quoted from other material)


Bateson, Mead and the OSS


- The Office of Strategic Services (OSS) was a United States intelligence agency formed during World War II. It was the wartime intelligence agency, and it was the predecessor of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). This agency was formed in order to coordinate espionage activities behind enemy lines for the branches of the United States military. Formed 1942. Dissolved 1945 - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_of_ ... c_Services (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_of_Strategic_Services)


- Starting in 1950, the CIA researched and experimented with the use of possible mind-control drugs and other chemical, biological and radiological stimuli on both willing and uninformed subjects. The purpose of these programs was to "investigate whether and how it was possible to modify an individual's behavior by covert means. …. Project MKULTRA, or MK-ULTRA, is perhaps the most famous of the CIA mind-control programs.- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIA_activi ... ted_States (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIA_activities_in_the_United_States)


Gregory Bateson and the OSS: World War II and Bateson’s Assessment of Applied Anthropology
by Dr David H. Price, USA http://www.currentconcerns.ch/index.php?id=1110 (http://www.currentconcerns.ch/index.php?id=1110)


This article uses documents released from the Central Intelligence Agency under the Freedom of Information Act to examine Gregory Bateson’s work for the Office of Strategic Services during World War II…

Gregory Bateson and the OSS

The OSS was created by President Roosevelt on June 13, 1942, and was the direct institutional predecessor to the CIA. Over two dozen anthropologists worked for the OSS during the War, including: E. Wyllys Andrews IV, William Bascom, Gregory Bateson, Lloyd Cabot Briggs, Carleton Coon, Cora DuBois, Anne Fuller, Nelson Glueck, Gordon Hewes, Frederick Hulse, Olov Janse, Felix Keesing, Alexander Lesser, Edwin Loeb, Leonard Mason, Mark May, Alfred Métraux, George Murdock, David Rodnick, Morris Siegel, Richard Starr, David Stout, Morris Swadesh, and T. Cuyler Young.2 There was a great variation in the type of work these individuals undertook – ranging from assignments as linguists, spies, budgetary managers, economic forecasters, and foreign news analysts. By far the most intriguing published account of any of the OSS anthropologists was that of Carleton Coon(1980) in his book “A North Africa Story: The Anthropologist as OSS Agent”, in which he describes his experiences using his pre-war geographic and cultural expertise to help develop allied intelligence and counter-intelligence networks, and insurgency squads in wartorn North Africa.


From its creation onward, the OSS was a fundamentally new type of military-intelligence agency. Its director, “Wild” Bill Donovan, saw the OSS as a new type of multidisciplinary intelligence agency which relied on a variety of creative and unconventional means of both collecting intelligence and undertaking covert actions. The OSS recruited the best and brightest from elite academic and social circles for its ranks. In many ways, Gregory Bateson was a natural candidate for the OSS. Since 1940, Bateson and his then-wife Margaret Mead had been developing and refining the methods used in their studies of “culture at a distance” (Yans-McLaughlin 1986a: 196). These were the very sorts of techniques that the OSS was interested in using to understand and subvert the enemy.

Bateson was initially reluctant to work for a military or intelligence organization. It was his view that, when working for an intelligence organization – as with most applied projects – one is far from free to choose the scope of research, or what is actually done with the fruits of one’s labors. Even before Bateson considered joining the OSS, he was troubled by the ethical questions raised by anthropologists using their knowledge as a weapon in war, or further – that social scientists could expect to have little say in what was done with their research. In 1941, he wrote that the war


“is now a life-or-death struggle over the role which the social sciences shall play in the ordering of human relationships. It is hardly an exaggeration to say (…) this war is ideologically about just this – the role of the social sciences. Are we to reserve the techniques and the right to manipulate peoples as the privilege of a few planning, goal-oriented and power hungry individuals to whom the instrumentality of science makes a natural appeal? Now that we have techniques, are we in cold blood, going to treat people as things? Or what are we going to do with these techniques? (Bateson 1942:84 – as quoted in Yans-McLaughlin 1986a:209).”


While Bateson expressed second thoughts before and again after the war, surprisingly, the picture that emerges from examining the material in his OSS files show a dedicated, even enthusiastic intelligence operative during the war.


Bateson began the war working under contract at Columbia University for the OSS and later the US Navy as a PidginEnglish instructor for troops heading to the South Pacific (Yans-McLaughlin 1986a: 197). His next post was as the “secretary of the Morale Committee” (Yans-McLaughlin 1986a:200). Finally, he served as a civilian “member of a forward intelligence u[n]it in the Arakan mountains of Burma from 1944 to 1945” (Bateson 1944).


Bateson spent much of his wartime duty designing and carrying out “black propaganda” radio broadcasts from remote, secret locations in Burma and Thailand (Lipset 1980:174), and also worked in China, India, and Ceylon (Yans-McLaughlin 1986a:202). The term “black propaganda” simply refers to a technique whereby an individual or group pretends to represent the positions of their enemy, and mixes a preponderance of facts with a careful seasoning of disinformation that will portray the enemy in a negative light. In this work Bateson applied the principles of his theory of schismogenesis to help foster disorder among the enemy.


[He] helped to operate an allied radio station that pretended to be an official Japanese station: it undermined Japanese propaganda by following the official Japanese line but exaggerating it (Mabee 1987:8).


Carleton Mabee noted that,

“Even though both Mead and Bateson were disturbed by the use of deceit in psychological warfare, Mead was not as upset by it as Bateson was. During the war and after, the naturally optimistic Mead never lost her basic faith that science, if responsibly applied, could contribute to solving the practical problems of society, whereas Bateson, more pessimistic by nature, and deeply upset by his wartime experience, emphasized that applying science to society was inherently dangerous, and that the most useful role of science was to foster understanding rather than action. These differences between them were reflected in the breakup of their marriage just after the war (Mabee 1987:8).”  ‘”…

Anthropology and counterinsurgency: the strange story of their curious relationship
Military Review, March-April, 2005 by Montgomery McFate http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m ... ntent;col1 (http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0PBZ/is_2_85/ai_n14695449/pg_7/?tag=content;col1)


‘… Perhaps the most famous anthropologist who served in the OSS was Gregory Bateson. Bateson, a British citizen, spent many years conducting ethnographic research in New Guinea, the results of which were published in 1936 as Naven. At the beginning of World War II, having failed to find a position with the British War Office, Bateson returned to the United States and was recruited by the OSS, where he served as a civilian member of a forward intelligence unit in the Arakan Mountains of Burma. (29)

In addition to intelligence analysis, Bateson designed and produced "black propaganda" radio broadcasts intended to undermine Japanese propaganda in the Pacific Theater. He found the work distasteful, however, because he believed that truth, especially the unpleasant truth, was healthy. Despite his misgivings about deceitful propaganda, Bateson was a willing and competent operative. In 1945, he volunteered to penetrate deep into enemy territory to attempt the rescue of three OSS agents who had escaped from their Japanese captors. For this service, Bateson was awarded the Pacific Campaign Service Ribbon. (30)


Bateson had remarkable strategic foresight concerning the effect of new technology on warfare. While in the Pacific Theater, he wrote to the legendary director of the OSS, "Wild Bill" Donovan, that the existence of the nuclear bomb would change the nature of conflict, forcing nations to engage in indirect methods of warfare. Bateson recommended to Donovan that the United States not rely on conventional forces for defense but to establish a third agency to employ clandestine operations, economic controls, and psychological pressures in the new warfare. (31) This organization is, of course, now known as the Central Intelligence Agency.


Later in his career, Bateson was allegedly involved with a number of experimental psychological warfare initiatives, including the CIA's Operation MK-Ultra, which conducted mind-control research. It is generally accepted that Bateson "turned on" the Beat poet Allen Ginsberg to LSD at the Mental Research Institute, where Bateson was working on the causes of schizophrenia. (32).’



‘Like her husband, Mead was also involved in the war effort. In addition to producing pamphlets for the Office of War Information, she produced a study for the National Research Council on the cultural food habits of people from different national backgrounds in the United States. She also investigated food distribution as a method of maintaining morale during wartime in the United States. Along with Bateson and Geoffrey Gorer, Mead helped the OSS establish a psychological warfare training unit for the Far East. (34)


Like Bateson, Mead had reservations about the use of deceitful propaganda, believing that such methods have "terrible possibilities of backfiring." Mead's larger concern, however, was the "tremendous amount of resentment" against using anthropological insights during the war. In particular, she noted that using anthropologists to advise advisers is ineffective; to be useful, anthropologists must work directly with policymakers.’”

 ‘ Bateson had long been interested in structuralist or systems approaches, as evidenced by his ethnography Naven. But during World War II and for years afterward, he and Mead began enunciated their ideas employing a kind of discourse more familiar to engineers and computer scientists. That language was cybernetics.
-(1)- http://etd.nd.edu/ETD-db/theses/availab ... D_vol2.pdf (http://etd.nd.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04132010-142514/unrestricted/PetersonEL042010D_vol2.pdf))’



THE CEREBRAL INHIBITION MEETING: The Beginning of the Macy Conferences.


‘Frank Fremont-Smith (1895–1974) was an American administrator, executive with the Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation, president of British General Rees's World Federation of Mental Health, known together with Lawrence K. Frank as motivators of the Macy conferences[1], and as promotor for interdisciplinary conferences as platforms for advancing knowledge.

Fremont-Smith was familiar with what would become cybernetics' prehistory, because of his involvement in the 1930s in an informal conversational network around neurophysiology and the work of Walter Cannon on homeostasis.[1]


A second initiative he organized in the 1940s was a meeting about "physiological mechanisms underlying the phenomena of conditioned reflexes and hypnosis as related to the problem of cerebral inhibition." [3] This socalled "Cerebral Inhibition Meeting" was sponsored by the Josiah Macy Foundation attended by scientists like Gregory Bateson, and Margaret Mead, and five others. Together they would initiated the Cybernetics Group. Among its members this group was as called the "Man-Machine Project". Other participants were Warren McCulloch, Arturo Rosenblueth, Gregory Bateson, Margaret Mead, and Lawrence K. Frank. According to Steinberg (2000) "Rosenblueth, a protégé of Norbert Wiener, set out the broad parameters of the proposed effort.


Between 1946 and 1953 Fremont-Smith worked as Medical Director in the Macy Foundation, when ten Macy Conferences were a set of meetings of scholars from various disciplines held to discuss "Circular Causal and Feedback Mechanisms in Biological and Social Systems".[4] It was one of the first organized studies of interdisciplinarity, spawning breakthroughs in systems theory and leading to the foundation of what later was to be known as cybernetics. End 1950s he was among the first members of the Society for General Systems Research.


In 1959 Frank Fremont-Smith, as head of the Macy foundation, was the organizer of the first ever held conferences on LSD. ’- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Fremont-Smith (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Fremont-Smith) -


Harold Alexander Abramson (Nov 27, 1899 – September 1980) was a U.S. Allergist who played a significant role in CIA's MKULTRA program to investigate the military applications of LSD.


In 1953 Abramson proposed an $85,000 study to the CIA on the effects of LSD on unwitting hospital patients. This was the same year that the MKULTRA program was established. Funding for the project was funneled through the Macy Foundation. Abramson was notably the attending physician in connection with the notorious (and allegedly LSD-induced) supposed suicide of Frank Olson, a doctor who was being given LSD as part of the CIA's psychedelics research.


He is said to be the person who influenced many members of the Cybernetics Group to turn to LSD, including Frank Fremont-Smith, head of the Macy foundation. (The Cybernetics Group, originally named The Conference on Feedback Mechanisms in Biology and the Social Sciences, was started in 1946).
’ - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Alexander_Abramson (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Alexander_Abramson) -

‘The Macy Conferences were a set of meetings of scholars from various disciplines held in New York by the initiative of Warren McCulloch and the Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation from 1946 to 1953. The principal purpose of these series of conferences was to set the foundations for a general science of the workings of the human mind. [1]


It was one of the first organized studies of interdisciplinarity, spawning breakthroughs in systems theory, cybernetics, and what later became known as cognitive science.


Some of the researchers present at the conferences later went on to do extensive government funded research on the psychological effects of LSD, and its potential as a tool for interrogation and psychological manipulation in such projects as the CIA's MKULTRA program. ’ - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macy_conferences (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macy_conferences) -


(below is from an interview with Mead and Bateson)


Gregory Bateson: There was this Macy meeting in what, ’42? 1

SB: Who started it, and what was it about?

Bateson: This was a meeting called ‘Cerebral Inhibition,’ which in fact was a meeting on hypnosis.* ‘Cerebral inhibition’ was a respectable word for hypnosis. Most of what was said about ‘feedback’ was said over lunch.

Mead: Well, I know that’s what you always tell people, but I didn’t sit at the same place at lunch, and I heard what was said at that conference. But at that conference, which is the one where Milton Erickson hypnotised that Yale psychologist, it was at the end of that conference that you really had the design of what needed to be done. And then you were caught up in war work and went overseas and there was that long period.

I think that you actually have to go back to that earlier meeting that was held in the basement of the old Psycho-Analytic building on the West Side the day of Pearl Harbor.’ - http://www.oikos.org/forgod.htm (http://www.oikos.org/forgod.htm) -


‘Though largely of interest to mathematicians, engineers, and new “scientists” in the field of computing, Mead, Bateson, and their mutual friend psychologist Larry Frank, played an integral role in the growth and direction of cybernetics in its earliest years, with Frank serving as the link to Macy Foundation funding.11  After the War, the founding group of like-minded thinkers—Frank, Bateson, Mead, Rosenblueth, Wiener, and Bigelow—continued to meet with an expanded “core” of enthusiasts including: mathematicians John von Neumann and Walter Pitts, neurobiologists Warren McCulloch and W. Ross Ashby, and Viennese engineer Heinz von Foerster. Though he was not in a settled academic position in the States, Bateson provided the impetus for the well-known series of Macy-funded cybernetics meetings that commenced in March 1946 in New York City’s Beekman Hotel.12 The commitment to broad social applications of cybernetics that he shared with Mead and Frank colored the spirit of the first few proceedings.


Deutero-learning, or learning to learn, did not originate with Bateson any more than cybernetics. If anything, he imbibed this notion of meta-learning in conversations with Larry Frank even before WWII.30 However, over the late 1940s, Bateson added deutero-learning to the psychological work of another Macy conference participant, father of social psychology Kurt Lewin, and stirred these concepts together with cybernetic tools of analysis.31 At Langley-Porter, Bateson, together with Jurgen Ruesch, crafted an elegant theory of dual-level communication.32 Bateson applied this model of communication first to a theory of play.33 Then, beginning in 1952, Bateson and his new colleagues at the Palo Alto VA Hospital began developing a cybernetic model of schizophrenia. In 1954, Bateson successfully applied to the Rockefeller Foundation for a grant to assemble a multi-disciplinary team to study schizophrenia as a mental disease arising from errors in inter-personal communication between parent and child. His collaboration with Jay Haley and John Weakland on the one hand and Don D. Jackson on the other, attacking the seemingly insuperable problems presented by schizophrenic patients, led to the kind of high-profile professional recognition for Bateson that he simultaneously cherished and loathed’… - http://etd.nd.edu/ETD-db/theses/availab ... D_vol2.pdf (http://etd.nd.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04132010-142514/unrestricted/PetersonEL042010D_vol2.pdf) -


THE MACY CONFERENCES: The Core Group


‘…Though citation of the Macy Foundation explains the source of werewithal for the cybernetics group's conferences, one might still wonder about the source of interest and even enthusiasm that caused this medical foundation to sponsor something not often associated with medicine per se. This motivation can be attributed to two persons - Lawrence K. Frank and Frank Fremont-Smith.


In the late 1930's Frank had been a senior executive with the Macy Foundation, where he was a friend and mentor to Fremont-Smith. Frank's longtime interests included child development, and he is often considered to be the godfather of the American child development field.
At the time the cybernetics group coalesced, he was what we'd now call a 'free-floating consultant'. Frank was no stranger to cybernetics' prehistory. He'd been intrigued by Walter Cannon's 1929 writings on 'homeostasis' and how this concept might pertain to child development. His role in the rise of American social science was significant, though perhaps his most important contributions pertained to fostering programs and careers. [/]At the time of the first cybernetics meetings, Frank and his longtime friend Margaret Mead represented a formidable social science contingent. [/b]


One of the careers Frank fostered was that of Frank Fremont-Smith, who by the 1940's was the head of the Macy Foundation's medical office. Fremont-Smith's familiarity with cybernetics' prehistory dated back to around 1930, when he helped establish an informal conversational network on subjects such a neurophysiology and Cannon's 'homeostasis'….


It is common to correlate cybernetics' origins with a series of 10 conferences sponsored by the Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation from 1946 through 1953. This cursory approach overlooks the fact that those conferences might never have occurred had the key participants not met in a small May 1942 meeting where they first exchanged ideas and generated the enthusiasm which would motivate those later conferences. The title of this meeting, set up by Frank Fremont-Smith, was 'Cerebral Inhibition'. Attendance was by invitation only, and the two topics on the agenda were hypnotism and conditioned reflex. Milton Erickson [(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milton_H._Erickson (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milton_H._Erickson) )] and Howard Liddell were the featured speakers on these topics, respectively. The planned agenda went well, but it turned out to be merely peripheral to the event's most significant outcome.  The attendees included Lawrence Frank, Margaret Mead, Gregory Bateson, psychiatrist Warren McCulloch, Mexican physiologist Arturo Rosenblueth, and psychiatrist Lawrence Kubie. These 6 people would later become members of the persistent 'core group' for the more famous 'Macy Conferences' (1946 - 1953).


It was Arturo Rosenblueth's presentation of ideas he'd been developing with Norbert Wiener and Julian Bigelow that drew everyone's attention. Rosenblueth outlined a conceptual agenda based on similarities between behaviors of both machines and organisms that were interpretable as being 'goal-directed'. This goal-directedness (long spurned by hard science) was framed in terms of definitive and deterministic 'teleological mechanisms.' 'Teleology' was transformed from philosophical mumbo-jumbo to concrete mechanism through the invocation of 'circular causality' in a system, whereby new behaviors were influenced by 'feedback' deriving from immediately preceding behaviors. This approach allowed one to address apparent purposiveness with reference to the present and the immediate past, without having to invoke references to possible or future events.

Rosenblueth's presentaton resonated with everyone present - most particularly with Bateson and McCulloch, each of whom immediately saw linkages between these new concepts and issues in their respective fields. Mead would later claim she'd been both so excited and so absorbed in the lecture that she didn't noticed she'd broken a tooth.

However, American involvement in WWII was underway, and the various participants were scattered to their wartime duties. For example, Bateson undertook assignments in the Pacific region, while Rosenblueth and McCulloch returned to their research at MIT.


The following year the content of Rosenblueth's presentation was published as:

Rosenblueth, A., Wiener, N., and J. Bigelow, "Behavior, purpose and teleology", Philosophy of Science, Vol. 10 (1943), pp. 18 - 24. – (this most influential work can be found here http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/Books/Wiener-teleology.pdf (http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/Books/Wiener-teleology.pdf) )


As soon as the war ended, Bateson contacted Fremont-Smith, pushing for some sort of conference to follow up on the concepts from the 1942 meeting. As it turned out, McCulloch had already been pushing for the same thing since immediately after the 1942 event. Fremont-Smith had begun arranging a conference for March 1946 to be chaired by McCulloch. It was originally planned to include scholars from the fields closest to the topics being addressed by McCulloch and his colleague Walter Pitts (biology, neural physiology, and mathematics). However, Fremont-Smith accepted Bateson's recommendation to invite selected people from the social and behavioral sciences as well.


The legendary 'Macy Conferences' were thus set in motion. A total of 10 conferences were held from 1946 through 1953. The first nine were held at the Beekman Hotel in New York City, and the tenth was held in Princeton New Jersey. …


A core group of approximately 20 recurring participants was drawn from engineering, biology (particularly fields dealing with neural systems), medicine, and the social sciences (most particularly psychology). As time went on, some core group members left (or, in Kurt Lewin's case - died) and were replaced by others.
’ - http://www.asc-cybernetics.org/foundati ... tm#MacySum (http://www.asc-cybernetics.org/foundations/history2.htm#MacySum)


Starting in 1946 the ‘core group’ was expanded to include many other prominent names


CONFERENCE ATTENDEES - http://www.asc-cybernetics.org/foundati ... People.htm (http://www.asc-cybernetics.org/foundations/history/MacyPeople.htm)

The full list of core members is available above, but I find there are quite a few who are particularly notable:


Frank Fremont-Smith – Simultaneously funded and organized the Macy Conferences and the first ‘World Health Organization (WHO) Study Group’ of whom Mead was an integral figure, Money was funneled through the Macy Foundation from the CIA program MK-Ultra to study LSD.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Fremont-Smith (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Fremont-Smith) , http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Alexander_Abramson (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Alexander_Abramson)


Margaret Mead- Worked for and received funding from the O.S.S., Part of the initial ‘Core Group’ of the Macy Conferences. Pivotal figure in the WHO study group.


Gregory Bateson- Worked for and received funding from the O.S.S.,  Husband of Mead , In the original Core group, formulated cybernetic theories of human behavior, figurehead in the Human Potential Movement and New Age psychologies including Hypnosis and Neuro-Linguistic Programming, studied behavior in family systems and formulated communicational theories of mental illness notably the Double bind theory of Schizophrenia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregory_Bateson (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregory_Bateson) , viewtopic.php?f=81&t=30423 (http://www.fornits.com/phpbb/viewtopic.php?f=81&t=30423)


Arturo Rosenblueth- Co-wrote the influential 1943 paper first presented at the ‘Cerebral Inhibition Meeting’ entitled ‘Behavior, purpose and teleology’, part of the core group. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arturo_Rosenblueth (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arturo_Rosenblueth)


Kurt Lewin- Father of social Psychology, Affiliated with Tavistock and the NTL, developer of sensitivity training, pioneer in the study of group dynamics and director at MIT, died 1947. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurt_Lewin (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurt_Lewin) , http://www.sonoma.edu/users/d/daniels/lewinnotes.html (http://www.sonoma.edu/users/d/daniels/lewinnotes.html) ,   viewtopic.php?f=81&t=31447 (http://www.fornits.com/phpbb/viewtopic.php?f=81&t=31447)


John von Neumann- Founder of Game Theory, frequent consultant for many large organizations including the CIA and RAND corp who first studied game theory such as ‘The Prisoners Dilemma’, involved in the Manhattan project and the development of the atomic bomb. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_von_Neumann (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_von_Neumann)


Norbert Weiner- Co-wrote the influential 1943 paper first presented at the ‘Cerebral Inhibition Meeting’ entitled ‘Behavior, purpose and teleology’, Along with other works like ‘1948, Cybernetics: Or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine. Paris, (Hermann & Cie) & Camb. Mass. (MIT Press)’, and ‘1950, The Human Use of Human Beings. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norbert_Weiner (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norbert_Weiner)

… some notable attendees that were not part of the ‘core group’ were:


Erik Erikson- Prominent psychologist who developed theories of psychosocial development and identity formation in children, attended the original WHO study group. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erik_Erikson (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erik_Erikson)


Leon Festinger- Social psychologist who studied under Kurt Lewin, Famous for advancing studies in Group Dynamics with his theory of Cognitive Dissonance and Social Comparison Theory, professor at group dynamic departments of MIT and University of Michigan. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leon_Festinger (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leon_Festinger)



THE MACY CONFERENCES AND THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO)

The reader will notice the organization of the first meetings of the World Health Organization (WHO) coincided precisely with the Macy Conferences and were founded by the same people. Frank Fremont –Smith and Margaret Mead.



The Meetings of the World Health Organization Study Group on the Psychobiological Development of the Child began in 1953. They were chaired by Frank Fremont-Smith, based on his work as part of the Josiah Macy Junior Foundation. According the history reported on the website of the American Society for Cybernetics (http://www.asc-cybernetics.org/foundati ... tm#MacySum (http://www.asc-cybernetics.org/foundations/history2.htm#MacySum)), Freemont-Smith’s mentor at the Macy Foundation was Lawrence K. Frank, considered to be “the godfather of the American child development field.” Frank had been intrigued since the 1930s with the concept of homeostasis, based on a 1929 paper by Walter Cannon, and was close friends with Margaret Mead.


In 1942, Freemont-Smith had organized a meeting on the topic of cerebral inhibition. The invited attendees included Lawrence Frank, Margaret Mead, Gregory Bateson, Warren McCulloch, Arturo Rosenblueth and Lawrence Kubie. These formed the core group of what became the first of the Macy Conferences.


The first Macy Foundation conference, which Fremont-Smith also organized, was called Feedback Mechanisms and Circular Causal Systems in Biological and Social Systems. Between 1946 and 1953, ten meetings were held. In addition to the participants noted above, participants included Ross Ashby, Julian Bigelow, Heinz von Foerster, Ralph Gerard, Molly Harrower, Paul Lazarsfeld, Kurt Lewin, John von Neumann, Walter Pitts, Leonard Savage and Norbert Wiener, and guests including Erik Erikson, Claude Shannon and Talcott Parsons.

These conferences are usually considered to have created the origins of cybernetics, and included a number of people who became part of the general systems theorists
(to be described later.) The influence of these meetings was not restricted to the US, though….


The WHO Study Group


When the WHO Study Group began in 1953, there was a tremendous background of knowledge and prior relations being brought in, which is not noted in the proceedings or other writings. The members for the first meeting, including areas of specialty, were:


• John Bowlby, Psychoanalysis
• Frank Fremont-Smith, Research Promotion
• G. R. Hargreaves, Psychiatry
• Bärbel Inhelder, Psychology
• Konrad Lorenz, Ethology
• Margaret Mead, Cultural Anthropology
• K. A. Melin, Electrophysiology
• Marcel Monnier, Electrophysiology
• Jean Piaget, Psychology
• A. Rémond, Electrophysiology
• R. R. Struthers, Research Promotion
• J. M. Tanner, Human Biology
• William Grey Walter, Electrophysiology
• René Zazzo, Psychology



In addition, three guests were included in this first meeting: J. C. Carothers, Psychiatry; E. E. Krapf, Psychiatry; and, Charles Odier, Psychoanalysis. In the third and fourth meetings, Erik Erikson was included, and in the fourth meeting only, Ludwig von Bertalanffy (Tanner & Inhelder, 1971).


Freemont-Smith acted as the chairman for the meetings, based on his previous work with the Macy Foundation in hosting interdisciplinary conferences. Mead, Grey Walter, and Erikson had all been involved to various degrees with similar meetings and conferences before this, as noted above.



Despite the fact that Bowlby’s report, Maternal Care and Mental Health (1952), was one of two papers which helped to instigate the WHO Study Group (and the other paper, interestingly, being on psychiatric aspects of juvenile delinquency), the meetings in the end were very broadly about child development.
Each meeting was preceded by papers being sent between all participants, and each meeting begun with presentations of papers to introduce ideas for discussion. The first meeting, for instance, included presentations on physical and physiological development of children, the behavior of newborn anencephalics, electroencephalographic development of children, and cross-cultural approaches to child development.” - http://www.isss.org/John_Bowlby_-_Redis ... entist.pdf (http://www.isss.org/John_Bowlby_-_Rediscovering_a_systems_scientist.pdf) (interesting doc on Bowlby).........



!!!……. Due to the scope of this project I am going to have to leave this a tad open ended for the time being and finish with some general conclusions…….!!!!!


GENERAL CONCLUSIONS


To examine The Macy Conferences without also analyzing the work done outside of it by the members of the ‘Core Group’ would be in disrespect of the enormous impact it had throughout countless discliplines.  The paper “Behavior, Purpose and Teleology” http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/Books/Wiener-teleology.pdf (http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/Books/Wiener-teleology.pdf) is, without a doubt, a revelation. And there are so many influential figures in their own right, such as Milton Erickson (the most famous hypnotherapist) or Leon Festinger or Von Neumann, who have produced endless volumes held in reverence. But as it concerns the original concept of control of the human mind I find there are two people whos  continued work represent the fundamental scientific core behind what has been progressively called ‘brainwashing, thought reform, and eventually mind control’ as they came from various perspectives. These people are Gregory Bateson and Kurt Lewin.


Ultimately my conclusions are contained in the following links. I hope that What has been presented here on the Macy Conferences sheds light on the importance of Kurt Lewin and Sensitivity Training and Gregory Bateson’s work on the Double Bind in understanding the progression of Mind Control, with particular focus on the Troubled Teen Industry.


Double Bind: Mind control in the TTI – viewtopic.php?f=81&t=30423 (http://www.fornits.com/phpbb/viewtopic.php?f=81&t=30423)

Training, Therapy, or Thought reform in the TTI? – viewtopic.php?f=81&t=31447 (http://www.fornits.com/phpbb/viewtopic.php?f=81&t=31447)


Thanks to the patient reader –  Awake


Title: Re: The Macy Conferences: The Minds of Mind Control
Post by: Ursus on January 06, 2011, 11:38:59 PM
Quote from: "Awake"
Thanks to the patient reader
'Tis not patience, my dear, but perseverance ... that carried me through your post!  ;)  :D

Well. A whole 'nother lexicon for what I've been referring to simply as "group management" and "systems of control" all this time...

Very thought provoking.

Here's some real life cybernetics in recent news events; from the Jan. 4th article "Ex-Pentagon big found slain in Del. landfill (http://http://www.fornits.com/phpbb/viewtopic.php?f=32&t=32619#p391664)," emphasis added:

Mitre Corp., that develops technologies for the Defense Department...[/list][/size]
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: starry-eyed pirate on January 07, 2011, 05:21:13 PM
Thankyou Awake.
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: heretik on January 07, 2011, 06:32:49 PM
I agree to that.
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Whooter on January 07, 2011, 06:49:21 PM
Awake, you put together, by far, the most interesting and informative posts here on fornits.  I also enjoy reading your post on the "double bind" from time to time to re-educate myself or get a fresh perspective.  You should put that link in your footer or post it here.  I would like to read that one again also as I am sure other readers would.



...
Title: John von Neumann
Post by: Ursus on January 15, 2011, 11:15:52 PM
Quote
After the War, the founding group of like-minded thinkers—Frank, Bateson, Mead, Rosenblueth, Wiener, and Bigelow—continued to meet with an expanded “core” of enthusiasts including: mathematicians John von Neumann and Walter Pitts, neurobiologists Warren McCulloch and W. Ross Ashby, and Viennese engineer Heinz von Foerster.
Dr. Strangelove himself? At the very least, he was one of a small handful of candidates for the title...

Excerpt from John von Neumann (http://http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_von_Neumann)'s Wikipedia entry:

Nuclear weapons

(http://http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/John_von_Neumann_ID_badge.png)[/list]John von Neumann's wartime Los Alamos ID badge photo.[/list]
[/size]
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: seamus on January 15, 2011, 11:43:39 PM
Years ago <I wound up in New Orleans.My neighbor hood bar was in the garden district, right on St Charles. My favorite bartender,(why she was abartender,was lost on me) wrote her masters thesis on Margret Mead.We spent many rainy afternoons discussin mind control,applied anthropology,and who wes Really at the helm of that ship. She seemed to think that private industry, ie Du Pont,and some various pharma intrests were really footing the bill for much of it.
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: dragonfly on January 16, 2011, 11:53:57 AM
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: dragonfly on January 16, 2011, 12:00:52 PM
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Awake on January 17, 2011, 01:23:51 AM
I think what is most significant is that cybernetics became the explanation  for an interactional, communicational  model of human behavior.  What these conferences suggest is that this was a huge revelation in many, many fields. But it also represents a new approach to human behavior, and advances a particularly behaviorist view of the human organism as being based on the transfer of information.  (ex. If you kick a rock, it moves due to the transfer of energy from your foot. If you kick a dog, and then it bites you, it is not because of the energy from your foot. It is because the dog is responding to what is perceived as a threatening message.) Game theory is quantified by the notion that humans have an inherent cybernetic quality, which is reflected in games, like chess, or nuclear war, wherein the players success depends on predicting what is going on in his opponents mind in order to come up with a strategy for himself, to be able to see himself through the eyes of another in a way. This is relatable to the human capacity for sympathy and sensitivity. The idea that people’s outputs (logic, behaviors, personalities, emotions) can be analyzed in terms of games or learned strategies for self preservation becomes popular in psychotherapy, like transactional analysis.

Follow for a moment the behaviorist ‘black box’ concept of the human organism http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_box (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_box)  (please take a brief look at the illustration on the link) . Behaviorism has taken a view of the human mind as being a black box of which the inner workings can’t be ‘opened up’ and known, one can never truly experience another’s consciousness. However this ‘black box’ can be examined as an input/ output mechanism, communication goes in, and there is a resulting communication/ behavior that comes out (all behavior can be taken as communication and vice versa).  But what Bateson  illustrates in the diagram you’ll find here http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregory_Bateson (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregory_Bateson)  (scroll down to the related diagram) is the evolution of this black box concept to incorporate the idea of circular causality, as a principle of cybernetics. To put it plainly, what happens if you take what comes out of the output, and put it back into it? This is the notion of feedback, and the idea that humans rely on the ability to perceive feedback from our environment to orient ourselves is key to predicting how humans behave, organize and operate within a system, or environment.  ( If you consider a pyramid scheme, or multi-level marketing scheme it can be understood how a system can be designed in which human nature can be used against the individual to favor the organization, and relies on keeping people unaware of it.) Now I find I must recall that these ideas were the result of trying to understand how the phenomenon of hypnosis occurs, and how humans can manipulate each other covertly. And so as not to get too far ahead of the content of the thread, I’ll leave this that may at least contribute some historical significance pertaining to hypnosis and the Macy Conferences.

This is by Lawrence Kubie, who was part of the core group. I didn’t find many resources on Kubie, but I found this portion of a paper he did in 1944 on his view of the process of hypnosis. I think it is interesting,   …although, Kubie is a mere grain of sand on a beach in the field of hypnosis compared to Milton Erickson, guest speaker at the 1942 Cerebral Inhibition meeting. Here is Lawrence S. Kubie’s paper : (This is offered as an abstract, but it is also the articles summary)


‘THE PROCESS OF HYPNOTISM AND THE NATURE OF THE HYPNOTIC STATE
LAWRENCE S. KUBIE M. D.1, and SYDNEY MARGOLIN M. D.1
1 The New York Neurological Institute of the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York. - http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/con ... /100/5/611 (http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/content/abstract/100/5/611)


1. The process of inducing hypnosis and the fully developed hypnotic state are a continuum which can be studied satisfactorily only in the novice, and which under such circumstances consists of three stages which shade from one into the next.


2. In the initiation of the process there is a progressive elimination of all channels of sensori-motor communication between the subject and the outside world, with the exception of the channels of communication between the subject and the hypnotist. As a consequence, during this phase the hypnotist becomes temporarily the sole representative of and contact with the outside world.


3. In this essential characteristic, the induction phase parallels the sensori-motor relationships of the infant to the outside world during the earliest phase of infancy, during which the parents play in the psychology of the infant a rôle almost identical to that of the hypnotist in the mental life of the subject.


4. The onset of the hypnotic state consists of a partial sleep in which active sensorimotor channels are restricted to those between the subject and the hypnotist.


5. This reduction of sensori-motor channels obliterates the Ego boundaries of the subject and constricts them, which makes inevitable a psychological fusion between hypnotist and subject.


6. This constitutes the second phase in the process, one in which a fusion of subject and hypnotist is achieved, with the result that to the subject the words of the hypnotist become indistinguishable from his own thoughts. It is this in turn which makes possible all of the phenomena of apparent passive suggestibility.


7. At the same time, this same restriction of sensori-motor relationships induces and makes possible states of hypnagogic revery in which vivid sensory memories and images are released. These images and memories include olfactory, gustatory, tactile, and kinæsthetic modalities of sensation which are not ordinarily easily recalled or vividly imagined.


8. The sensory vividness of these reveries in turn opens the way to buried memories, and particularly to the buried affects which are related to such sensory memories.


9. Physiologically the hypnotic process is shown to be an extension of the processes of normal attention, the result of the creation in the central nervous system of a concentrated focus of excitation with the surrounding areas of inhibition (in the descriptive Pavlovian sense).


10. In turn, this is dependent physiologically upon:


(a) Relative immobilization through the immobilization of the head or eye.


(b) The influence of monotony.


11. Initiation of monotony depends upon sensory adaptation, which in turn is in part dependent upon rhythm.


12. Psychologically the creation of the hypnotic state, with its focus of excitation within limited areas, depends upon a diminution of alertness through allaying anxiety and other defenses, a process which is a necessary prerequisite to the suppression of sensory warning signals.


13. The shift to the fully developed final phase of the hypnotic state involves:


(a) A partial re-expansion of ego boundaries.


(b) An incorporation of a fragmentary image of the hypnotist within the expanded boundaries of the subject's Ego.


14. In this final phase the compliance of the subject to the hypnotist's commands is again more apparent than real, in that the incorporated image of the hypnotist which echoes the hypnotist's voice has for the time being become a part of the subject's temporary Ego.


15. It is obvious that the final phase in the hypnotic process, which occurs with the full development of the hypnotic state, parallels precisely that phase in the development of the infant's Ego in which its boundaries gradually expand, with the retention of parental images as unconscious incorporated components of the developing Ego of the infant. The incorporated image of the hypnotist plays the same rôle in the hypnotic subject as does the incorporated and unconscious image of the parental figure in the child or adult. Hypnosis thus is seen to be an experimental reproduction of a natural developmental process.


16. The use of hypnosis in some form may conceivably be necessary, therefore, for the complete therapeutic displacement of disturbing superego figures which are retained out of childhood.


17. In the hypnotic process mechanisms are at work identical with those seen in the dream (such as transference, displacement, condensation, etc.). Much has been made of these in the literature; but they are not the essence either of the process or of the state itself.

Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Froderik on January 17, 2011, 09:31:59 AM
Quote from: "dragonfly"
It seems like it wasn't just brainwash for the sake of control and hysteria and human concern, it was and is flat out psychopathic greed based brainwashing....

Yeah, that assessment jibes with this speech i read a while back:
http://www.truthtree.com/Jello_Biafra.shtml (http://www.truthtree.com/Jello_Biafra.shtml)
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: dragonfly on January 17, 2011, 03:51:18 PM
Title: 20th Anniversary Review of the Josiah Macy, Jr., Foundation
Post by: Ursus on January 22, 2011, 07:01:47 PM
Quote from: "Awake"
... Lawrence Kubie, who was part of the core group ...
Here's a book review by him which was published in the September-October issue of Psychosomatic Medicine (1951):

-------------- • -------------- • --------------

BOOK REVIEWS
Twentieth Anniversary Review of the Josiah Macy, Jr., Foundation (1930 to 1950) (http://http://www.psychosomaticmedicine.org/cgi/reprint/13/5/327-b.pdf)

New York, the Josiah Macy, Jr., Foundation, 1950, no pp., n.p.[/list]

The Josiah Macy, Jr., Foundation has had so great an influence on American medicine that it comes as a surprise to be reminded by this little volume that the Foundation is only twenty years old. Indeed, it is hard to imagine what American medicine would be like today, without the stimulus and ferment which the Foundation has provided so generously. For many years to come, this summary of its activities will guide other foundations in their work, and I hope the federal government as well. The volume which modestly records these years of work is therefore a remarkable document, worthy of study by everyone who is interested in medical progress. Here is no mere perfunctory recital of twenty years of dry and dusty science. It is rather an exciting tribute to an inspired spirit.

In April, 1930, when Kate Macy Ladd endowed the Foundation in honor of her father, she wrote, "Experience seems to show that in an enlightened democracy, private organized philanthropy serves the purposes of human welfare best, not by replacing functions which rightfully should be supported by our communities, but by investigating, testing, and demonstrating the value of newer organized ideas for sustained undertakings, from which may gradually emerge social functions which in turn should be taken over and maintained by the public." This policy has guided the Josiah Macy, Jr., Foundation ever since.

Perhaps your reviewer is guilty of sentimentality, but he has an impression that the haunting and sensitive beauty of the portrait of Mrs. Ladd as a young woman infuses both this volume and the work of the Foundation which she launched. In both, there is a sense of dedication and a feeling of reverence for that collaboration of the spirit and the body to which Kate Macy Ladd herself was dedicated in her own life.

Under vigorous and far-sighted leadership, the Josiah Macy, Jr., Foundation guided American medicine on a voyage of discovery in uncharted seas. It took both foresight and courage for the young Foundation to devote its resources to the development of the new field of psychosomatic inquiry and practice. It took further courage not to shy away from such unpopular areas of investigation as psychoanalysis and hypnosis; and it took clear heads not to be drawn into unfruitful areas of partisan controversy. Through this courage and clarity, the Macy Foundation made a field of concrete scientific research and scientific education out of the slogan of "psychobiology." Indeed, this has been its consistent central concern. Around it have clustered a wide variety of related investigations, among which, to mention a few, one finds: blood clotting and allied problems, problems of infancy and childhood, cybernetics, metabolic interrelations, problems of aging, liver injury, factors regulating blood pressure, peptic ulcer, biological antioxidants, renal function, adrenal cortex, the development of antibiotic aerosols, connective tissues, nerve impulse, problems of consciousness, hypnotism, training in clinical psychology, the development of screening and selective techniques, and the development of psychotherapeutic methods.

One of the achievements of the Josiah Macy, Jr., Foundation has been its ability to span the gap between pure and applied research, and indeed between abstruse scientific research and such immediate practical problems as those which grew out of the war and the postwar struggle for lasting international peace. Thus, during the war it distributed reprints to medical officers who were scattered over the face of the earth; and since the war it has played a leading role in the effort to place the social sciences, including psychiatry, at the services of the World Health Organization (WHO) and of the United Nations Education, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).

Finally, through its unique working conferences the Josiah Macy, Jr., Foundation has shown that fruitful communication and collaboration are possible among representatives of disciplines which are poles apart.

If the Josiah Macy, Jr., Foundation were never to do anything more, medical education and medical research would still be in its debt beyond repayment. Happily for ourselves, however, we can look forward to many more years of leadership as productive as that which has characterized these first twenty years.

LAWRENCE S. KUBIE[/list]
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: dragonfly on August 04, 2011, 06:48:15 AM
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Awake on August 07, 2011, 09:16:51 PM
For the most part I think the connection to synanon is the humanistic movement, but probably not the only one. There are a lot of theories and practices that developed within the humanistic movement that use cybernetics as a model for human behavior.  Gestalt therapy, transactional analysis, game theory, NLP, brief therapy, family therapy, hypnosis, all take from cybernetics. This link might be interesting viewtopic.php?f=9&t=27862&p=351344&hilit=eupsychia#p351344 (http://www.fornits.com/phpbb/viewtopic.php?f=9&t=27862&p=351344&hilit=eupsychia#p351344)  . It links this stuff up rather well, specifically that Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow were the fathers of humanistic psychiatry. Rogers worked for mk-ultra, and Maslow was impressed with Synanon and likewise wanted to impress upon them his own humanistic values.


So, I think a very influential hand in Synanon was the humanistic movement, or the human potential movement. Humanistic psychology and encounter groups were really popular, this would’ve been bigger news of the day than synanon. Encounter groups were the main setting in which many of the humanistic techniques were meant to be used.  Synanon’s game is one form of encounter. Also the roots of the encounter group concept come from sensitivity training, or human relations training, which expressly can be used to mimick the thought reform model. This is also where the roots of group dynamics and organizational development come from. Lifespring is a good example the newer humanistic techniques for manipulating people. So basically I think this stuff just naturally found it’s way into Synanon, especially after the endorsement from Maslow. I can say with certainty that the Cedu program was very obviously experimenting with the humanistic ideas, and that had a close relationship with synanon, so anyways, that’s the best connection I’ve got.
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Anonymous on August 11, 2011, 02:20:47 AM
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Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Anonymous on August 11, 2011, 02:29:49 AM
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Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Anonymous on August 11, 2011, 02:31:02 AM
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Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: dragonfly on August 11, 2011, 08:28:59 AM
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Dethgurl on August 11, 2011, 12:00:43 PM
Watch the Documentary Human Resources it explains it all.
Here it is on youtube:http://http://youtu.be/9R85eo2rA70
You can also find it on torrent sights.
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Anonymous on August 11, 2011, 12:29:47 PM
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Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Anonymous on August 11, 2011, 12:30:54 PM
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Title: Philip Zimbardo
Post by: Ursus on August 11, 2011, 12:42:07 PM
Quote from: "Wayne Kernochan"
Elan felt more like the Stanford prison experiment, and since everyone involved with Elan was with the movement, they knew Philip Zimbardo, and he was involved with Erhard and the Hunger Project, and so on and so on. They were experimenting on us, but is there a way to prove it?
Do you know for a fact that everyone or even anyone involved with Elan knew Philip Zimbardo? I'm sure some people know of him, but that's hardly the same thing.

Moreover, how was Philip Zimbardo involved with Werner Erhard or the Hunger Project? Your link (http://http://www.wernererhard.net/alter.html) shows that Erhard quoted a question of his, probably out of context given that it's being used in an advertisement for snake oil, but that's about it.

If I'm missing something, I sure would appreciate some clarification.
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Anonymous on August 11, 2011, 03:09:44 PM
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Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Anonymous on August 11, 2011, 03:30:38 PM
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Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Ursus on August 11, 2011, 03:48:20 PM
Quote from: "Wayne Kernochan"
http://www.ibicuy.com/ (http://www.ibicuy.com/)

Recognize this ?

Didn't the Nazis go to Argentina?
Sure. They also hid out in a number of other South American countries as well. And they also came to the United States: Operation Paperclip (http://http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Paperclip).

With regard to Ibicuy, see also:


Fwiw, CEDU also has a coupla South American offshoots. One is in Argentina.
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Anonymous on August 11, 2011, 06:41:57 PM
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Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Matt C. Hoffman on August 11, 2011, 09:36:39 PM
hi all I trust everyone is well and feeling good.

Wow two distinct topics ....I heard about the rumour of elan
's potiental buyer , I must have been asleep when this place in Argentina was posted back in 2007. Mind boggling , I have a friend in South America who I  believe would be interested i n checking out this Jose Cabberra and the progam down there . A former resident . Who eee dam , I am just now reading about this. Damn this has also been posted on Reddits troubled teens on their facebook site / page . This story was started on an I luv Elan site and for some reason as to how I understand ,the thoughts of buying the Poland Spring property were posted in Espanol. I know a little construction Espanol , though I don't luv elan and would not in this or my lifetime go to a site like that . I don't love elan sorry not to offend those that do ,I don't .   Okay its out there and we will have to be vigilant and see what happens to the elan property in Polan Springs Maine. (the story about an Argentinian elanbeing interested in purchasing the Poland Spring property ,this has surfaced in the past couple of days that I am aware )

now the other  topic I see here is also very interesting and it is the govenments (possible involvement in the studying of these programs .I tried earlier to post my thoughts about the est ,and human potential movement and no I did not know Phil Zambardo (its not relevent that I didn't ) ,though I tried to post my thoughts and my post disappeared .....imagine that lol... I will create a word doc and re write . I will say this if the dots are there please connect them. I do have an open mind . to me elan was just horrible abuse.  I will be back in a bit.

Peace

Matt
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: DannyB II on August 11, 2011, 10:53:30 PM
I felt this article might be of relevance to this  conversation, The History of ABCT. They spoke about how the 1970's was a controversial time for behavioral therapy techniques; (excerpt from article) "The 1970s was perhaps the most "explosive" (see Stuart, 1974) and controversial decade for the field of behavior therapy, as it suffered from an overall negative public image and received numerous attacks from the press regarding behavior modification and its possible unethical uses."
 
http://www.abct.org/Home/?m=mAbout&fa=AboutABCT (http://www.abct.org/Home/?m=mAbout&fa=AboutABCT)

History of ABCT

The organization was originally founded in 1966 under the name Association for Advancement of Behavioral Therapies (AABT; Franks, 1997) by 10 behaviorists who were dissatisfied with the prevailing Freudian/psychoanalytic model (founding members: John Paul Brady, Joseph Cautela, Edward Dengrove, Cyril Franks, Martin Gittelman, Leonard Krasner, Arnold Lazarus, Andrew Salter, Dorothy Susskind, and Joseph Wolpe). Although AABT/ABCT was not established until 1966, its history begins in the early 1900s with the birth of the behaviorist movement, which was brought about by Pavlov, Watson, Skinner, Thorndike, Hull, Mowrer, and others-scientists who, concerned primarily with observable behavior, were beginning to experiment with conditioning and learning theory. By the 1950s, two entities-Hans Eysenck's research group (which included one of AABT's founders Cyril Franks) at the University of London Institute of Psychiatry, and Joseph Wolpe's research group (which included another of AABT's founders, Arnold Lazarus) in South Africa-were conducting important studies that would establish behavior therapy as a science based on principles of learning. In complete opposition to the psychoanalytic model, "The seminal significance of behavior therapy was the commitment to apply the principles and procedures of experimental psychology to clinical problems, to rigorously evaluate the effects of therapy, and to ensure that clinical practice was guided by such objective evaluation" (Wilson, 1997).

The first president of the association was Cyril Franks, who also founded the organization's flagship journal Behavior Therapy and was the first editor of the AABT Newsletter. The first annual meeting of the association took place in 1967, in Washington, DC, concurrent with the American Psychological Association's meeting.

An article in the November 1967 issue of the Newsletter, entitled "Behavior Therapy and Not Behavior Therapies" (Wilson & Evans, 1967), influenced the association's first name change from Association for Advancement of Behavioral Therapies to Association for Advancement of Behavior Therapy because, as the authors argued, "the various techniques of behavior therapy all derive from learning theory and should not be misinterpreted as different kinds of behavior therapy…" (quoted in Franks, 1987). This issue remains a debate in the field and within the organization, particularly with the emergence of the term "cognitive behavioral therapies," which resulted in yet another name change in 2005 to the Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies.

AABT/ABCT has been at the forefront of the professional, legal, social, and ethical controversies and dissemination efforts that have accompanied the field's evolution. "The 1970s was perhaps the most "explosive" (see Stuart, 1974) and controversial decade for the field of behavior therapy, as it suffered from an overall negative public image and received numerous attacks from the press regarding behavior modification and its possible unethical uses." In Gerald Davison's (AABT's 8th president) public "Statement on Behavior Modification from the AABT," he asserted that "it is a serious mistake…to equate behavior therapy with the use of electric shocks applied to the extremities…" and "a major contribution of behavior therapy has been a profound commitment to full description of procedures and careful evaluation of their effects" (Davison & Stuart, 1974, p. 3). From this point, AABT became instrumental in enacting legislative guidelines that protected human research subjects, and they also became active in efforts to educate the public.

The training of mental health professionals has also been a significant priority for the association. Along with its annual meeting, AABT created an "ad hoc review mechanism" in the 70's through the 80's whereby a state could receive a review of a behavior therapy program. This led to the yearly publication of a widely used resource, "The Directory of Training Programs." With growing concerns over quality control and standardization of practice, the certification of behavior therapists also became an issue in the 1970s.

An ongoing debate within the association concerns what many consider to be a movement away from basic behavioral science as the field has attempted to advance and, in doing so, integrate more and more "new" therapies/specializations, particularly the addition of cognitive theory and its variety of techniques. John Forsyth, in his special issue of Behavior Therapy (Forsyth & Hawkins, 1997) entitled "Thirty Years of Behavior Therapy: Promises Kept, Promises Unfulfilled," summarized this opposition as follows: "(a) cognition is not behavior, (b) behavior principles and theory cannot account for events occurring within the skin, and most important, (c) we therefore need a unique conceptual system to account for how thinking, feeling, an other private events relate to overt human action." (Forsyth, 1997, p. 621). The field's desire to maintain its scientific foundations and yet continue to advance and grow was reflected in its most recent discussion about adding the word "cognitive" to the name of the association (see the Oct. 2003 special issue [Antony, 2003] in the Behavior Therapist: "Is It Time for AABT to Change Its Name?")

Many notable scholars have served as president of the association, including Joseph Wolpe, Arnold Lazarus, Nathan Azrin, and David Barlow. The current executive director of the ABCT is Mary Jane Eimer, CAE. For a wealth of historical specifics (governing bodies, lists of editors, past presidents, award winners, SIGs, and conventions from the past 40 years) see ABCT's 40th anniversary issue of the Behavior Therapist (Albano, 2006).
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: DannyB II on August 11, 2011, 11:07:05 PM
Can't seem to pull up this article/statement on google or even on the actual site it is posted in the references. http://www.abct.org/Home/?m=mAbout&fa=AboutABCT (http://www.abct.org/Home/?m=mAbout&fa=AboutABCT)
Wanted to read what Dr.Davidson had to say.
Davison , G., & Stuart, R. (1974). Statement on behavior modification from the Association for Advancement of Behavior Therapy. AABT Newsletter, 1(2), 2-3.
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Matt C. Hoffman on August 12, 2011, 12:16:51 AM
shoot I tried posting again to this my thoughts on what Wayne was talking about .

...no no no there was no electricity used when I was there at elan . Jennifer S  was Davidisons neice and she got it after she was sent away from elan . As it has been rourmered . she did not come back and Yes she was tied to a car and made to run not because she was fat , but because Jeffery Gottlieb one of the directors was a sick fuck and directed this to happen. It was entertainment for Jeffery.

elan was no original idea lol   Ricci had the experience of Synanon thru Daytop . The crack pot Davidson had the knowledge as to the psychology of how it worked ,thru his studies and acess to the other studies.

I am so glad that hell hole is closed , I will write a little original piece and post it when it is done sucks getting bumped off , it will be my words you can be granted that ,though I will have to cut and paste to post it and for that I apologize in advance from a word document . FTN.
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Matt C. Hoffman on August 12, 2011, 01:45:38 AM
Quote from: "DannyB II"
I was trying to find some info on Dr. Gerald Davidson for Wayne and ran into this info. I highlighted his (Dr. Davidson) comments. I thought they were ironic considering the amount of shock value behavior modification that went on at Elan. I don't think Elan ever used "shock treatments" on residents but who freaking knows.
I also felt this article might be of relevance to this  conversation, The History of ABCT. They spoke about how the 1970's was a controversial time for behavioral therapy techniques; (excerpt from article) "The 1970s was perhaps the most "explosive" (see Stuart, 1974) and controversial decade for the field of behavior therapy, as it suffered from an overall negative public image and received numerous attacks from the press regarding behavior modification and its possible unethical uses."
LOL, yet the TTI never missed a beat moving forward.



http://www.abct.org/Home/?m=mAbout&fa=AboutABCT (http://www.abct.org/Home/?m=mAbout&fa=AboutABCT)

History of ABCT

The organization was originally founded in 1966 under the name Association for Advancement of Behavioral Therapies (AABT; Franks, 1997) by 10 behaviorists who were dissatisfied with the prevailing Freudian/psychoanalytic model (founding members: John Paul Brady, Joseph Cautela, Edward Dengrove, Cyril Franks, Martin Gittelman, Leonard Krasner, Arnold Lazarus, Andrew Salter, Dorothy Susskind, and Joseph Wolpe). Although AABT/ABCT was not established until 1966, its history begins in the early 1900s with the birth of the behaviorist movement, which was brought about by Pavlov, Watson, Skinner, Thorndike, Hull, Mowrer, and others-scientists who, concerned primarily with observable behavior, were beginning to experiment with conditioning and learning theory. By the 1950s, two entities-Hans Eysenck's research group (which included one of AABT's founders Cyril Franks) at the University of London Institute of Psychiatry, and Joseph Wolpe's research group (which included another of AABT's founders, Arnold Lazarus) in South Africa-were conducting important studies that would establish behavior therapy as a science based on principles of learning. In complete opposition to the psychoanalytic model, "The seminal significance of behavior therapy was the commitment to apply the principles and procedures of experimental psychology to clinical problems, to rigorously evaluate the effects of therapy, and to ensure that clinical practice was guided by such objective evaluation" (Wilson, 1997).

The first president of the association was Cyril Franks, who also founded the organization's flagship journal Behavior Therapy and was the first editor of the AABT Newsletter. The first annual meeting of the association took place in 1967, in Washington, DC, concurrent with the American Psychological Association's meeting.

An article in the November 1967 issue of the Newsletter, entitled "Behavior Therapy and Not Behavior Therapies" (Wilson & Evans, 1967), influenced the association's first name change from Association for Advancement of Behavioral Therapies to Association for Advancement of Behavior Therapy because, as the authors argued, "the various techniques of behavior therapy all derive from learning theory and should not be misinterpreted as different kinds of behavior therapy…" (quoted in Franks, 1987). This issue remains a debate in the field and within the organization, particularly with the emergence of the term "cognitive behavioral therapies," which resulted in yet another name change in 2005 to the Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies.

AABT/ABCT has been at the forefront of the professional, legal, social, and ethical controversies and dissemination efforts that have accompanied the field's evolution. "The 1970s was perhaps the most "explosive" (see Stuart, 1974) and controversial decade for the field of behavior therapy, as it suffered from an overall negative public image and received numerous attacks from the press regarding behavior modification and its possible unethical uses." In Gerald Davison's (AABT's 8th president) public "Statement on Behavior Modification from the AABT," he asserted that "it is a serious mistake…to equate behavior therapy with the use of electric shocks applied to the extremities…" and "a major contribution of behavior therapy has been a profound commitment to full description of procedures and careful evaluation of their effects" (Davison & Stuart, 1974, p. 3). From this point, AABT became instrumental in enacting legislative guidelines that protected human research subjects, and they also became active in efforts to educate the public.

The training of mental health professionals has also been a significant priority for the association. Along with its annual meeting, AABT created an "ad hoc review mechanism" in the 70's through the 80's whereby a state could receive a review of a behavior therapy program. This led to the yearly publication of a widely used resource, "The Directory of Training Programs." With growing concerns over quality control and standardization of practice, the certification of behavior therapists also became an issue in the 1970s.

An ongoing debate within the association concerns what many consider to be a movement away from basic behavioral science as the field has attempted to advance and, in doing so, integrate more and more "new" therapies/specializations, particularly the addition of cognitive theory and its variety of techniques. John Forsyth, in his special issue of Behavior Therapy (Forsyth & Hawkins, 1997) entitled "Thirty Years of Behavior Therapy: Promises Kept, Promises Unfulfilled," summarized this opposition as follows: "(a) cognition is not behavior, (b) behavior principles and theory cannot account for events occurring within the skin, and most important, (c) we therefore need a unique conceptual system to account for how thinking, feeling, an other private events relate to overt human action." (Forsyth, 1997, p. 621). The field's desire to maintain its scientific foundations and yet continue to advance and grow was reflected in its most recent discussion about adding the word "cognitive" to the name of the association (see the Oct. 2003 special issue [Antony, 2003] in the Behavior Therapist: "Is It Time for AABT to Change Its Name?")

Many notable scholars have served as president of the association, including Joseph Wolpe, Arnold Lazarus, Nathan Azrin, and David Barlow. The current executive director of the ABCT is Mary Jane Eimer, CAE. For a wealth of historical specifics (governing bodies, lists of editors, past presidents, award winners, SIGs, and conventions from the past 40 years) see ABCT's 40th anniversary issue of the Behavior Therapist (Albano, 2006).

Ha Ha Ha in your haste to do God knows what   ...lol.... I swear I really did not think you to be that much of a whatever  , yes it could be considered lying trying to push something that just is NOT even remotely true.

First off do you understand what this thread was about . There were two topics . Which does your post contribute to, the rolling one in you head . Good God boy  you probably don't even see what nonsence you have posted here .

but the thing that makes me laugh is how hard you had to find something to post ,whether or not it really pertained to this thread ,because of how you are and boy I see how you are ,a weird stalker as far as I'm concerned . I mean really weird ...

Should I tell him what he has done in his haste to simply get his name next to mine in that really weird stalking way that you do .....

lol I really shouldn't , though I doubt you could figure it out .

None Ya you are right my brother , man if anyone wants to know this old boy that I have quoted above all one has to do is read A life Gone Awry :My Story of the Elan School  By the one and only Wayne Kernochan and you read all you need to know about this old boy .....And it is a well written book.

It is tiresome as all hell to have to deal with this lunacy and read most of its  (his)postings, though this  one is priceless ....hey boy in your post which I have quoted for obvious reasons, your deleting needs  (we need to, you attack ,delete ,attack delete ,attack delete, therefore we need to capture your lunacy before you delete ).....it is sad really just really sad  .....you are famous over at   the  stinkinandthinkin.com    folks  web site ,they have your number and many other people know who and what you are . Google Danny Bennison aka Diablo.   I am serious readers you will be amazed at his trolling abilities, and what you will find.

You have quoted Gerald Davidson , is that correct in this God knows what  (tripe post)....yet PAL , you are leading people to believe that all these quotes are from Elan's Gerald E. Davidson .. and my God you made him out to be the president the 8th president of the abct society or is it the lsd society or the ABBA  society ...you like ABBA don't you ...am I right ....does everyone else see this ....GOOD .... the man that  the old boy here is quoting is not Elan's Davidson  .....What the hell is shock value therapy(anyway) is that what you are now calling elan's criminally insane sadistic abuse , kinda makes it easier to sleep at night  considering what has been portrayed in the book...is that what it is ....Jeez .... Blows me away and you think its all so funny, that little lol  at the end (buddy no one here is laughing with you )as to how the tt industry kept marching right on  and doesn't miss a beat . God boy I really hope you don't talk to survivors cause they don't have a freaking chance ....

See my boy db, Gerald C Davison is not Gerald E Davidson , you really have no clue , this is such misimformation that my 13 yearold son would not post . He has ethics and knows that it would be false and he has a good head on his shoulders. He is also a lot smarter.

I apologize to the rest of folks on this  the thread , for my tone..... Its (his) post  is really  impotent  and  is misleading as the day is long , and not as funny as the old boy seems to think about the whole  tt industry . It is the basic tripe I would expect from him nothing original ,and nothing else.... ,  At least my post  it is the TRUTH.  I guess it is to be expected from a former assistant director from one of the most sadistic ,and criminally abusive programs in the country, elan

Thank God... that  the sadistic ,violent ,brutal soul eating hell hole known as Elan School  is closed. I suggest you read Wayne Kernochan's book and you too will understand what I mean, when I say it should have never been allowed to exist.
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Anonymous on August 12, 2011, 11:10:21 AM
.
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Matt C. Hoffman on August 12, 2011, 11:40:07 AM
Hi Wayne ,

I follow what you are leading to . I don't know if we were  experimented upon. Ricci had the first hand experience of what a synanon based program was like thru his time at Daytop. Davidson had the knowledge and understanding of how these Korean brainwashing techniques worked .

Together they created that place and it was an incorporated cult designed to make bank on cross section of the population  of people from the US that were caught up in very unfortunate situation, being in elan not withstanding .

Now with that in mind ,Remeber how Ben Parks who was in Synanon in the 80's I believe spoke about how govenment folks came to look at Synanon . It begs the question why . Elan was created in 1970, in 1958 Synanon and was full tilt cranking when I was there at elan in '74 . I have no doubt that elan could have been studied ,though no proof. or dots to connect .

I also find it odd that straights which appeared after Synanon and elan in what '76 that it was very publicily touted by the govenment . Nancy Reagon and Princiss Diana, etal. It almost seems that the government gave straights the good house keeping seal of approval . Both bushes harped about it. It blossomed under the drug war mind set of those presidents and their wives.

Elan was kept out of this type of endorsement , save for the 1975 public trials and it really seemed to fly under the radar . How was straights actually formed ?, Who gave those bastards the idea to form straights ?,could it have been from the gov studying these types of programs? . Is straights a government created program handed off to the cretins that ran it ?. And look at straights it grew and spread like an infectious disease.


Elan just methodically made money and quietly  sadistically abused children in the process.It did not grow and expand the way Straights did.

I wish there was some way to really connect the dots to your hypothisis ,it is interesting to say  the least , Yet for me I see Elan as a rogue program that was created by two men to make bank on what the political climate was pushing at the time the beginnings of the  (mega corporations ) all out war on Pot (drugs).

Remember the war on drugs started at the pleasure really of Nixon, it gained serious momentum under Reagan and continues its failed agenda to this day (but that a whole nother bedtime story ...lol...).

These men created a sinister sadistic criminally abusive place. As for being  experimented upon I don't see that so much Stanley Milgrams studies had been completed ,they knew what they were doing ..(Davison was probably explaining to ricci how and why it worked the way it did , the korean brainwashing techniques. and the the whole thought reform techniques  worked and how people would react in these  certain situations...though I wouldn't doubt that the elan program was studied by the gov. Hell Davidson was probabgly giving the gov progress reports on elan unbeknowst to Ricci ,while Ricci was too busy and distracted by counting the monies elan was generating , which was staggering back in those days.. lol... who knows ..lol..makes on e sound not so sane lol. It is just prue conjecture , if there is proof I would like to see it .

It is food for thought .

peace

Matt
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Matt C. Hoffman on August 12, 2011, 12:19:40 PM
Wayne do you think when Davidson came to the conclusion that elan did not work in the middle 80's and split with Ricci , do you think he  came to that conclusion by what he knew as to the survival and success rate of elan . I bet he realized why so many former residernts of elan committed suicide. He had to have known  what was happening to the former residents of that hell hole .

Maybe the man actually had a conscience ....Ricci was a true malignant narcissits, with a wanna be gangster mentality  and devoid of conscience . Do you think  the falling out was Ricci telling Davidson to shut up about elans real success rate? . Elan may not have had follow up ,though you can be assured that many residents when they ran into problems they called that 207-*** 4666 number. They had to know they were failing, the question is when did they know>

Ricci did not care he was counting money.
Title: Dr. Gerald E. Davidson
Post by: Ursus on August 12, 2011, 01:19:21 PM
Quote from: "Wayne Kernochan"
Two things about Gerald Davidson. One: Either Allenbach is a liar, or he was lied to, because if Davidson was on the faculty at Harvard he would be published many times. He's not. "Publish or Perish" is their motto.

The other is what I do see. He wouldn't be in HPM because he said publicly that Elan's therapy didn't work. That's why he split up with Joe. But here's the thing, in order to come to that conclusion, there had to be a test experiment to base it on. That sounds a lot like us :)
Mmm. Hope you won't take this the wrong way, but... Allenbach is not a liar (at least in this respect).

Dr. Gerald E. Davidson was indeed, at one point, Instructor in the Dept. of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. Moreover, he also collaborated on a number of published scientific papers, with a variety of other professionals, usually on topics such as methadone treatment and patient anxiety, iirc.

Keep in mind that Davidson had responsibilities as a practicing clinician in addition to his academic ones, so the lack of umpteen hundreds of citations for a google of his name is to be expected. Davidson saw patients in area hospitals, and also ran and/or was associated with one or more clinics, e.g. that one in Chestnut Hill. Such professional endeavors would be expected to take up a certain percentage of one's time... eh? ;)
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Ursus on August 12, 2011, 01:28:44 PM
Quote from: "Matt C. Hoffman"
these Korean brainwashing techniques
Attributing these methods to the Koreans is a classic red herring. By the 1950s, the U.S. was already employing far more sophisticated techniques of thought reform than even the Russians were. Well... certain segments of the U.S. were, at any rate. :D

The rationale was something along the lines of "we'd better master these methods before our enemies do." It was born right out of the last spasms of World War II, maybe even earlier, and gave birth to the paranoid mentality of the Cold War era.

Ya might might to re-read the material Awake posted in the beginning of this thread. The Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation is known to have frequently been utilized as a front ... for funneling CIA money to particular desired projects.
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: DannyB II on August 12, 2011, 02:02:29 PM
.....
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Matt C. Hoffman on August 12, 2011, 07:12:20 PM
Hi Ursus ,

Point taken . I use the reference of korean prisoner of war brainwashing as a generalazation ....and yes it does go further back ,( okay  the penchant for facts ,fair enough)I can't imagine a study where a subject would be given LSD -25  for over 77 day period . I am very familiar with the CIA and the Olsen deal. Okay these are facts?

I understand that the mind control research goes way back before the Koreans and yes I understand that it was our own government that tried out various forms of mind control on our own citizens, and the U.S. was way ahead a leader in this  (to me bazarre )research. And of course it would be the ones that could be easily worked ,thru the fact that they were the dregs of a society, I get this.  

The CIA has done a lot of nasty stuff over the years ,and most recenctly the big cocaine for money for guns during Regans time (he had to have known) that nasty little war and of course the enhanced interrogation techniques during this most recent war.

The school of the Americias , known for teaching harsh interrogation techniques and lets not for get that the senior Bush was also head of the CIA before he was elected to office . Ah the shudders ,the evil that men do.It hasbeen said that the school of the Americas (in Florida) was also the chief exporter of thumb screws to third world countries.the school of the Americas was hoping when Bush senior was head of the CIA.

There is money to be made in torture devices and in the knowledge of being able to torture a person. A dictator will gladly pay you for the supposed imformation ,and they won't care how you got it  or get it.....whoa thats the same thing the U.S. did thru Bush Jrs. signing off on the enhanced interrogation techniques. Some of those techniques made the light of day , human pyramids , forcing muslim men to masturbate and filming it . Yeah there are some sick people in our government I will give you that but hey remember its a war (yeah right)

War stimulates our economy ..lol... though the Bushes war is killing  this  country  on so many levels.

It also makes sense that the CIA moved it operations to Canada for the legal ramifacations back in the early days of this mind control research. Gosh imagine trying to figure out a way to erase a persons identity and change their personality. I am willing to bet that there were some traumatic mistakes occured and Olsen is the only one that made it to the light of day.

It gives Robert Ludlums books ,albiet fiction some credence.(the Bourne books)

I don't know ,anyone  think that elan may have been watched or studied by the government  thru Davidson (progress reports ). I don't think that were were experimented on. They already had that info . Maybe Elan was allowed to be as extreme  as it was to see how a cross section of the populace would react under those insane ,violent sadistic conditions ... who knows . I truly believe that it still was one of those see a need ,and Ricci saw a way to make serious money and Davidson supplied the knowledge as to how these methods worked . Ricci was only about getting rich, at any cost regardless who got hurt. and like I said earlier maybe Davidson was troubled by the hippocratic oath, ...do no harm . At the time he renounced Elan , so much harm had already been done.

When one really thinks about it pertaining to Synanon do you really think it was an original idea of Charles Dietrict ?, maybe he had some gentle persuaision from the black ops folks?

Still one thing is true who ever was involved , regardless of the program ,they did not expect us to survive ,nor did they expect us to wake up from the so called washing that some experienced rather hardcore..

Still bottom line Elan was a sadistic ,violent ,criminally abusive soul eating hell hole , that made serious ,I mean huge amounts of money off of the whole shebang . CIA or not Joe Ricci and Davidson got rich off this hell hole and its means to its ends.The knowledge was already there (mind control, behaviour modifacation,brain washing ) , they just capitalized on it rather quickly ..hmmm...

Point taken Ursus

Peace

Matt
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: dragonfly on August 12, 2011, 07:51:48 PM
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Matt C. Hoffman on August 12, 2011, 08:15:59 PM
Hi DragonFly.  I have been wanting to get in touch with you!

I really do not know .The Gottlieb I  knew as a director was about 32 years old . He was from Boston from what I remember . He had  a serious boston accent . He could be calm and talking sensibly and then could become like a Mr.hyde. ...he considered himself to be elite .....yet on  one day during a particularly boring seminar ,that he and Kruglik were running into the ground , I mean boring.  He told us something about himelf, that to this day I still find funny.

Towards the end he asked if anyone had any questions and a soul raised their  hand (I think I still remember who it was ) and asked Jeffery "what would you be doing if you were not working here at elan ?"...Jeffery milked the moment forever ,saying this` was a fantastic question and mulled the question over and over , smokimg a cigarette  in the process of wracking his mind.

We are on the edge of our seats just wondering what the great Jeffery would be doing if he weren't working at elan ....a doctor ,lawyer , he just milked this until our own internal voices are practically screaming out loud , tell us ,what would you be doing .....and you know finally Jeffery has that eureka moment and says I've got it ...the context of the seminar was the more you put of yourself into the pot (elan) the more you will get out .....pure  unadulterated direct indoctronation.

Finally after a little more posturing  and really it was the only time that the house was really awake during this  seminar ,he tells us.

Jeffery said  I would be a shoe sales man .....frst thought that went thru my mind was dirty stinkin feet . I had to biter my tongue to keep from laughing out loud, for it woulde have brought certain pain. Here was the great elite Boston boy Jeffery aspiring to be a shoesales man if he weren't working at elan directing abuse that was sadistic and criminal . Jeffery I believe really enjoyed working at elan .

Sydney Gottlieb ,boy what a piece of work ...I have no idea if they were related or not. I honestly don't think so.

DragonFly you spoke about a Televison personality that had sent their kid to elan  and eventually pulled them out ....I don't want to mention their name here , It was a private convo that you and I had once (lol) recently ......Do you have their contact info . I would like to try to speak with them ....Good question by the way ,I trust things are going well. And thanks agqain for that smoke ..lol..I haven't had one since ...lol...there you have no worries.

peace

Matt
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Matt C. Hoffman on August 12, 2011, 08:39:40 PM
Dragonfly

Sorry I can't spell I am tending to agree with you about Charles he just doesn't come across as that smart a man to have created what Synanon turned out to be . That would be Charles Dedricht, still probably mispelling.

He just doesn't seem to have that it factor ,of a cult leader. He seems  kinda low brow. From what I hasve seen and read.

I also have read Herer's book or I should say Jack's book  met him out in Oregon . I think we are seeing the truth of his book how it pertains to the corporations. and it is amazing how Romny seems to think corporations are people . I always thought a people was a person and a corporation was an enitity. Mitt seems to think corporations are people at least that what he told some hecklers in New Hampshire yesterday .

This was in pertaining to the corporation tax loop hole  that some hecklers were questioning him on , lol... looks like Mitts already been bought . He showed his hand a little early me thinks , wonder how many Americans agree with Mitt that corporations are the same as a person .....blows my little  mind. we are doomed to be slaves to big oil and big pharma , it scary but it sure looks that way ....lol.....And dictated how to be by these corporations money and influence thru the rules that are destroying our rights and being implemented by the bought Romnys of our government  , what happened to "for the people and by the people" ....Mitt sure doesn't feel that way ...lol...what a fool you know I hope that remark dogs him thru out the this whole shitty process that we will have to endure until that fateful election day.

(Or was that a subtle form of mass mind control testing to see  how the populace will react to the truth or is it and then the lie that corporations are people .....lol...simply helping us become the sheep that our government so wants us to be . Thats the problem with the camels nose, if thev camel sticks his nose in your tent what is there to keep the rest of him from coming right on in . A diffferent way of looking at the slippery slope.)

Peace

Matt
Title: Re: Dr. Gerald E. Davidson
Post by: Anonymous on August 12, 2011, 09:12:08 PM
Quote from: "Ursus"
Quote from: "Wayne Kernochan"
Two things about Gerald Davidson. One: Either Allenbach is a liar, or he was lied to, because if Davidson was on the faculty at Harvard he would be published many times. He's not. "Publish or Perish" is their motto.

The other is what I do see. He wouldn't be in HPM because he said publicly that Elan's therapy didn't work. That's why he split up with Joe. But here's the thing, in order to come to that conclusion, there had to be a test experiment to base it on. That sounds a lot like us :)
Mmm. Hope you won't take this the wrong way, but... Allenbach is not a liar (at least in this respect).

Dr. Gerald E. Davidson was indeed, at one point, Instructor in the Dept. of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. Moreover, he also collaborated on a number of published scientific papers, with a variety of other professionals, usually on topics such as methadone treatment and patient anxiety, iirc.

Keep in mind that Davidson had responsibilities as a practicing clinician in addition to his academic ones, so the lack of umpteen hundreds of citations for a google of his name is to be expected. Davidson saw patients in area hospitals, and also ran and/or was associated with one or more clinics, e.g. that one in Chestnut Hill. Such professional endeavors would be expected to take up a certain percentage of one's time... eh? ;)
His role at Harvard was the same as Elan. He was never there. I've found a grand total of 3 articles he's mentioned in, and none he's written. I asked my wife's brother to check him out, he graduated Harvard. He knows how to get information there better than any ofus.

How did Allenbach study under Davidson at Elan? The man was never there.
Title: Re: Dr. Gerald E. Davidson
Post by: Ursus on August 13, 2011, 02:16:09 AM
Quote from: "Wayne Kernochan"
Quote from: "Ursus"
Quote from: "Wayne Kernochan"
Two things about Gerald Davidson. One: Either Allenbach is a liar, or he was lied to, because if Davidson was on the faculty at Harvard he would be published many times. He's not. "Publish or Perish" is their motto.

The other is what I do see. He wouldn't be in HPM because he said publicly that Elan's therapy didn't work. That's why he split up with Joe. But here's the thing, in order to come to that conclusion, there had to be a test experiment to base it on. That sounds a lot like us :)
Mmm. Hope you won't take this the wrong way, but... Allenbach is not a liar (at least in this respect).

Dr. Gerald E. Davidson was indeed, at one point, Instructor in the Dept. of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. Moreover, he also collaborated on a number of published scientific papers, with a variety of other professionals, usually on topics such as methadone treatment and patient anxiety, iirc.

Keep in mind that Davidson had responsibilities as a practicing clinician in addition to his academic ones, so the lack of umpteen hundreds of citations for a google of his name is to be expected. Davidson saw patients in area hospitals, and also ran and/or was associated with one or more clinics, e.g. that one in Chestnut Hill. Such professional endeavors would be expected to take up a certain percentage of one's time... eh? ;)
His role at Harvard was the same as Elan. He was never there. I've found a grand total of 3 articles he's mentioned in, and none he's written. I asked my wife's brother to check him out, he graduated Harvard. He knows how to get information there better than any ofus.

How did Allenbach study under Davidson at Elan? The man was never there.
Not wishing to derail this thread too much from its original focus, perhaps it might be better to continue this particular conversation here (http://http://www.fornits.com/phpbb/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=3382&p=403419#p403419).


[Above link may well not be "the perfect thread" for it, but I don't have time enough to rifle through the entire catalogue of "Gerald Davidson" posts on fornits at the moment...]
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Anonymous on August 13, 2011, 04:57:19 AM
.
Title: Re: Dr. Gerald E. Davidson
Post by: Ursus on August 13, 2011, 11:06:11 AM
Quote from: "Wayne Kernochan"
Is there a reason you didn't show me these hours ago?  :beat:   You could have saved me a half a day of going down the wrong road

Its funny they didn't come up oh 20 different kinds of searches. But I never put "fornits" in any of them
When I said (http://http://www.fornits.com/phpbb/viewtopic.php?f=81&t=32643&start=30#p403420), "I don't have time enough to rifle through the entire catalogue of 'Gerald Davidson' posts on fornits at the moment," I was referring to finding "the perfect thread" to continue this conversation in, not to finding Davidson's publications.

As to why I didn't present "the evidence" sooner, it takes time to compose a list like that, what with having to copy-paste numerous differently formated sources, put links in properly, etc. etc. Perhaps you can do it quicker than I can. After all, according to some individuals who lurk in these parts, I'm a very "slow" bear!  ;D  

Is there a reason why you didn't believe me earlier when I told you that Davidson did teach at Harvard Medical School, and that Davidson did publish? You could've saved me half a day of having to put together such a list. :D
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Ursus on August 13, 2011, 12:18:40 PM
Quote from: "Matt C. Hoffman"
Hi Ursus ,

Point taken . I use the reference of korean prisoner of war brainwashing as a generalazation ....and yes it does go further back ,( okay  the penchant for facts ,fair enough)I can't imagine a study where a subject would be given LSD -25  for over 77 day period . I am very familiar with the CIA and the Olsen deal. Okay these are facts?

I understand that the mind control research goes way back before the Koreans and yes I understand that it was our own government that tried out various forms of mind control on our own citizens, and the U.S. was way ahead a leader in this  (to me bazarre )research. And of course it would be the ones that could be easily worked ,thru the fact that they were the dregs of a society, I get this.  

The CIA has done a lot of nasty stuff over the years ,and most recenctly the big cocaine for money for guns during Regans time (he had to have known) that nasty little war and of course the enhanced interrogation techniques during this most recent war.

The school of the Americias , known for teaching harsh interrogation techniques and lets not for get that the senior Bush was also head of the CIA before he was elected to office . Ah the shudders ,the evil that men do.It hasbeen said that the school of the Americas (in Florida) was also the chief exporter of thumb screws to third world countries.the school of the Americas was hoping when Bush senior was head of the CIA.

There is money to be made in torture devices and in the knowledge of being able to torture a person. A dictator will gladly pay you for the supposed imformation ,and they won't care how you got it  or get it.....whoa thats the same thing the U.S. did thru Bush Jrs. signing off on the enhanced interrogation techniques. Some of those techniques made the light of day , human pyramids , forcing muslim men to masturbate and filming it . Yeah there are some sick people in our government I will give you that but hey remember its a war (yeah right)

War stimulates our economy ..lol... though the Bushes war is killing  this  country  on so many levels.

It also makes sense that the CIA moved it operations to Canada for the legal ramifacations back in the early days of this mind control research. Gosh imagine trying to figure out a way to erase a persons identity and change their personality. I am willing to bet that there were some traumatic mistakes occured and Olsen is the only one that made it to the light of day.

It gives Robert Ludlums books ,albiet fiction some credence.(the Bourne books)

I don't know ,anyone  think that elan may have been watched or studied by the government  thru Davidson (progress reports ). I don't think that were were experimented on. They already had that info . Maybe Elan was allowed to be as extreme  as it was to see how a cross section of the populace would react under those insane ,violent sadistic conditions ... who knows . I truly believe that it still was one of those see a need ,and Ricci saw a way to make serious money and Davidson supplied the knowledge as to how these methods worked . Ricci was only about getting rich, at any cost regardless who got hurt. and like I said earlier maybe Davidson was troubled by the hippocratic oath, ...do no harm . At the time he renounced Elan , so much harm had already been done.

When one really thinks about it pertaining to Synanon do you really think it was an original idea of Charles Dietrict ?, maybe he had some gentle persuaision from the black ops folks?

Still one thing is true who ever was involved , regardless of the program ,they did not expect us to survive ,nor did they expect us to wake up from the so called washing that some experienced rather hardcore..

Still bottom line Elan was a sadistic ,violent ,criminally abusive soul eating hell hole , that made serious ,I mean huge amounts of money off of the whole shebang . CIA or not Joe Ricci and Davidson got rich off this hell hole and its means to its ends.The knowledge was already there (mind control, behaviour modifacation,brain washing ) , they just capitalized on it rather quickly ..hmmm...

Point taken Ursus

Peace

Matt
Thanks for that extra bit of context, Matt. I do appreciate it!

I also rather suspect that it's not just the CIA who were mucking about with this type of stuff, but the Dept. of Defense as well...
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Anonymous on August 13, 2011, 12:22:14 PM
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Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Matt C. Hoffman on August 13, 2011, 12:42:38 PM
Hi Ursus ,
 
You have posted a treasure trove of info ,as it pertains to mind control on the Davidson's niece's thread. I thank you.  I thank you.


Mind contol seems to have already been very much established in these programs  by the time some of the aricles that you have posted  were created in 1971 and these men  talk about them as it is just business.....It is facinating reading pertaining to some of the testimonies by a Dr. Caserial (and others) and his advocacy of some thing that he called AREBA, out right behavior modifacation or mind control , during these hearings.

AREBA...accellerated reduction of Emotions behaviors  and attitudes . and it is designed for upper and middle class.

It had a spacific targeted set of people , amazing .

 AREBA : A private therapeutic community for the rehabilitation of middle and upper
class drug addicts and other behavioral bankrupts. AREBA (accelerated reeducation of
emotions, behavior and attitudes).

Caserial and Davidson knew each other they spoke at the same hearings. . Ursus you have found something that mentions Daytop and Synanon. It is quite interesting , especially the talk about the wonder drug Perses.

Mind control was very much part of the accepted treatment modality by what , the inception of Synanon in 1958  . The techniques are not really portrayed in the chronic light as how Ricci portrayed Daytop, in his  few seminars as to the differences between his program and Caserial 's Daytop.

It was wild how shortly after I heard Ricci compare and put down Daytop nad its abusive nature, Ricci out right told us  his program was going to be better than (Daytop) and not as abusive (it went downhill fast) ,his program became worse than what he had described Daytop to have been like. And this was two weeks or less after I got there in '74. It is unbelievable how much worse it became .

From the testamonies in 1971  at this selct hearing ,mind control ,whatever you want to  call it , was firmly entrenched as an accepted and viable way to change addicts  as in AREBA, though the tactics  or techniques  were not disclosed ,  or elaborated  upon in great detail , obviously the men doing the questioning at the hearing did not want to know and , the ones testifying certainly didn't want to disclose the truth  or have it be part of the public record . Understandably because their means were quite sadistic , violent and brutal as in what we experienced in elan from 74 on. And from what Rcci told us about his experience from Daytop,

shoot maybe when Ricci was talking about how abusive Daytop was in those seminars ,he was really preparing us for what was to come , and did it come. I remeber two seminars where he talked about Daytop.

Mind control and all the black ops info  passed form the military to eventually  mainstream society  at the time  the war on drugs was just beginning .What was learned from these experiments became refined  ,and the accepted  way , and the modality of treatment for many of these programs . Synanon was the first consumer and comercially available program, that I see benefited from these black ops and experiments  aimed at at mind controll and brainwashing.

what I question is  when did these programs become cults? Was it the personality of Charles D. , like Jim Jones , of that nasty little kool aid drinking situation ,  I mean he had people follow him blindly down  to death and it was close to a thousand folks that died, or is it the unwanted by-product that commerically available programs like Elan , Synanon  generated that just happened or something no one had studied or predicted  or realized .

Kinda like they knew the burning of fossils  would run engines ,though they had no clue at the time  when this practice  started , how this burning of fossil fuels had  by products  that could harm  harm the atmosphere especially that pesky leaded stuff.. (and yes I know Synanon  was tax exempt because it tried to call itself a church ,and later this  was recinded ). Does anyone know  ?

Below is the article that you posted ursus that is much more about other things  (mind control) than just Davidson , if fact I have not read Davidson contribution to this  hearing , and I can imagine its  a doosey,I will be getting to it shortly ....lol...


NARCOTICS RESEARCH, REHABILITATION, AND TREATMENT HEARINGS
BEFORE THE SELECT COMMITTEE ON CRIME
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
NINETY-SECOND CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION (1971)

"Davidson, Dr. Gerald E., associate director, drug dependency clinic, Boston City Hospital, study entitled "Results of Preliminary Perse Study"....: 331"

peace

Matt
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Anonymous on August 16, 2011, 12:14:46 PM
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Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Anonymous on August 16, 2011, 02:53:12 PM
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Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: dragonfly on August 16, 2011, 10:45:23 PM
Title: NARCOTICS RESEARCH, REHABILITATION, AND TREATMENT HEARINGS..
Post by: Ursus on August 17, 2011, 12:50:29 AM
Quote from: "dragonfly"
Do you all have more of these senate hearings like this? .....

NARCOTICS RESEARCH, REHABILITATION, AND TREATMENT HEARINGS
BEFORE THE SELECT COMMITTEE ON CRIME
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
NINETY-SECOND CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION (1971)


Areba and SPAN...new to me.
Here's another LINK (http://http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/united-states-congress-house-select-committee-o/narcotics-research-rehabilitation-and-treatment-hearings-ninety-second-congr-tin/1-narcotics-research-rehabilitation-and-treatment-hearings-ninety-second-congr-tin.shtml) for that, for anyone who had problems accessing the link in the Gerald Davidson (http://http://www.fornits.com/phpbb/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=3382&start=0#p403421) thread... (fwiw, this is only the first page of 93; scroll down to the bottom of the page for links to the rest).

Quote from: "dragonfly"
I read somewhere there were 450-500 different synanon programs by the early 1970's
That wouldn't surprise me. There were probably many hundreds more, who only adopted certain elements of it...

Of course, most of these did not last.
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: georgeii on December 29, 2011, 08:21:25 PM
I just came across this:

Submitting a memorandum to the Presidents Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy  Richard Helms, later to become Director of the CIA (and later to burn as many MK Ultra records as possible) at the time was asked to submit a memorandum on the subject of:
“Soviet Research and Development in the Fiel d of Direction and Control of Human Behaviour”
Helms (then Deputy Director for Plans) writes that new trends include:

a.   The adoption of a multidisciplinary approach integrating biologiccal, social and physical-mathemtatcial research in attempts to better understand and eventually control human behaviour in a manner consonnant with nation plans
b.   The outstanding feature, in addition to the interdiscipolinary approach is a new coincern for mathematical approaches to na understnading of behaviour. Particularly notable are attemots to use modern information theory, automata theory and feedback concepts  in interpreting the mechanisms by which the “second signal sytem”, i.e. speech and associated phenomena, affect human behaviour. Implied by this research was the hope for a technology for controlling behaviour via the “second signal system,” using information inputs as causative agents rather than chemical agents electrodes or other more exotic techniques applicable, perhaps to individuals rather than groups.

c.   This new trend, obsrerved in the early Post-Stalin Period continues. By 1960 the word “cybernetic s” was used by the Soviets to designate this new trend. This new science is  coinsidered by sum as the key to understanding the human brain and the product of its functioning - psychic activity  and personality – to the development of means for controlling it and ways for molding the character if the “New Communist Man”. As one Soviet author puts it: Cybernetics can be used in “molding a child’s character, the inculcation of knowledge amd techniques, the ammassing of experience, the establishment of social behaviour patterns...all functions which can  be summarized as ‘control’ of the growth process of the individual.” 1/Students of particular disciplines in the USSR, such as psychologists and social scientists, also support the general cybernetic trend.


This is an intersting summary of cybernetics. I found it in Walter Bowart’s ‘Operation Mind Control’ which is floating about in pdf on the net.
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: N.O.S.O.B. on December 29, 2011, 10:22:49 PM
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: georgeii on December 30, 2011, 11:05:58 AM
It is from this book called Operation Mind Control (http://www.whale.to/b/Operation_Mind_Co ... Bowart.pdf (http://www.whale.to/b/Operation_Mind_Control_-_Walter_Bowart.pdf)) see Annex A on page 285.

In the Amazon reviews it says all teh copies were boght up when it was released, check the amazon review:


19 of 19 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars Why Operation Mind Control disappeared, December 23, 2005
By J. Moore "music fan" (Nashville) - See all my reviews
(REAL NAME)  
This review is from: Operation Mind Control (Paperback)
As one of the researchers mentioned in Operation Mind Control (Jim Moore - pp 262-264, orig. edition), I followed this book and its author with great interest. The book disappeared because, according to what I learned, the CIA did not want the public to know the extent and details of its mind control programs. I believe even Walter Bowart himself once described how the entire warehouse supply was bought up by the CIA. The book also began vanishing from libraries across the nation, and virtually every copy available in bookstores was suddenly bought up and disappeared into a black hole. Very few copies survived this draconian purge. Those that remain are quire rare and expensive and should be must-reading for all Americans concerned about the future of our country and how our thought processes are manipulated by the political-intelligence "experts". especially in the wake of what is being revealed about 9-11, Iraq and the NSA spying.
At one point, even photocopies were going for as much as $75-100. The book itself (1st edition) has sold for as high as $250. There was a second printing (with a different cover) that also quickly disappeared; whether it was an authorized printing or not, I don't know.
Walter Bowart reportedly wrote a follow-up, but suddenly stopped and virtually vanished. The rumor mill has it that he was threatened with "termination with extreme prejudice" - a phrase for assassination that is now outdated.
To my knowledge, he is still alive but living his life in a very low profile. From my own experiences over the years, I can't say I blame him.
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Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: georgeii on January 02, 2012, 01:23:52 PM
Just saw this. Funny Aderall's made by Sandoz.

http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/01/ ... 9E20120101 (http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/01/01/us-adhd-adderall-shortage-idUSTRE80009E20120101)

Insight: Shortage of ADHD drug Adderall seen persisting

By Toni Clarke
BOSTON | Sun Jan 1, 2012 6:06pm EST
(Reuters) - A shortage of Adderall, which is used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, shows little sign of easing as manufacturers struggle to get enough active ingredient to make the drug and demand climbs.

Adderall, a stimulant, is a controlled substance, meaning it is addictive and has the potential to be abused. The Drug Enforcement Administration tightly regulates how much of the drug's active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) can be distributed to manufacturers each year.

The system is designed to prevent the creation of stockpiles that could be diverted for inappropriate use. Adderall and other stimulants are popular with students who may not have ADHD but are seeking to improve their test scores.

The DEA authorizes a certain amount of the API in Adderall - mixed amphetamine salts - to be released to drugmakers each year based on what the agency considers to be the country's legitimate medical need.

Increasingly that estimate is coming into conflict with what companies themselves say they need to meet demand for the drug, which is reaching all-time highs. In 2010, more than 18 million prescriptions were written for Adderall, up 13.4 percent from 2009, according to IMS Health, which tracks prescription data.

Concerns are now rising among patient groups and doctors that the shortages seen in 2011 will continue into this year. Many orders remain unfilled, manufacturers say, and it may take several months before ingredient authorized under the new 2012 quota can be turned into new product.

"I am very concerned about the future," said Ruth Hughes, chief executive of Children and Adults with Attention Deficit/Hyeractivity Disorder (CHADD). "No one seems to have much inventory to get us through the months ahead."

ADHD is one of the most common childhood disorders. An average of 9 percent of children between the ages of five and 17 are diagnosed with ADHD per year, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Symptoms include difficulty staying focused, hyperactivity and difficulty controlling behavior. If they are not properly medicated, children with ADHD may act out and be held back in class; adolescents might engage in impulsive, risky behavior; adults are at greater risk of being fired from their jobs.

"There are real major life impacts for people not having access to medication," Hughes said. "Someone needs to own this problem and take the initiative to fix it."

RIPPLE EFFECT

Adderall is made in several dosages and formulations. Shire Plc makes Adderall XR, a more expensive extended release version of the drug. Authorized generic versions of Adderall XR are sold by Teva Pharmaceutical Industries and Impax Laboratories Inc.

Shorter-acting instant release forms are made by Sandoz, a unit of Swiss drugmaker Novartis AG, as well as by CorePharma LLC and Teva. It is the shorter-acting versions of the drug that are currently in shortest supply.

The full scope of the shortage is unclear. Patients have been scrambling since mid-year to find pharmacies carrying the drug. Some have been switched to other medications such as Adderall XR or Ritalin, a rival drug known also as methylphenidate. But companies do not always track which pharmacies have their product at any given time.

"We don't monitor the distribution system, but we do know that all our customers are on back order right now," said Teva spokeswoman Denise Bradley. Teva sells to wholesalers and distributors as well as to some hospitals and specialty pharmacies - and all have orders placed but not filled.

Hughes said CHADD, along with the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, another advocacy organization, has recently started to track where, geographically, the calls about shortages are coming from.

Quantifying the problem is particularly urgent since the Adderall shortage is now also spilling over and causing shortages of Ritalin. Sandoz, which makes generic forms of both drugs, is straining to meet increased demand for both products.

"There is currently not enough product to fill all of our customer orders at the wholesaler level," said Julie Masow, a spokeswoman for Novartis, in an email.

TENSIONS FLARE

The problem is particularly troublesome since no one really agrees on its cause.

Under the quota system, drugmakers receive enough material to meet what the DEA estimates will meet the legitimate needs of American patients, but not enough to build inventory. The DEA says recent shortages were not caused by an insufficient quota but by marketing decisions taken by the companies.

"Any shortage of these products is therefore a result of decisions made by industry regarding manufacturing or distribution," Barbara Carreno, a DEA spokeswoman said, though she declined to specify those decisions.

She noted that there are currently more than 200 drugs in short supply in the United States, most of which do not contain controlled substances and have nothing to do with the DEA.

"There is no reason to think that the same market forces that are causing those shortages are not playing a part in these," Carreno said.

President Barack Obama recently issued an executive order demanding that the Food & Drug Administration address these shortages, which mostly affect generic injectable drugs that companies are no longer making as they are not as profitable as newer products.

For their part, Adderall manufacturers say they are working flat out to meet demand, and say the DEA does not always approve enough material in time for them to supply customers.

"Our production facilities are currently running at maximum capacity for Adderall utilizing all available API," said Teva's Bradley. "The catalyst for the problem is the quota system, not the business."

The DEA sets its aggregate quota at the beginning of each year, taking into account past quota levels, inventory levels and company sales forecasts. But the DEA's assessment of what a company needs may not be the same as the company's own estimates. It is an ongoing process of negotiation.

"DEA can come back and say, 'we agree with your forecast and issue everything you want,' or they may come back and say 'we don't think you need that much,' and they give you 75 percent," said Matt Cabrey, a spokesman for Shire.

Early last year, Shire suffered shortages of Adderall XR. "It was directly related to the API quota," Cabrey said. In June 2010, Shire calculated that API was running too low. It applied to the DEA for more, but did not receive the additional supply until December. It typically takes Shire three months to then make the product and get it to customers.

As a result, Cabrey said, there were shortages of Adderall XR in January and February last year and supplies did not return to normal until March and April. The company said there are no shortages of Adderall XR, though some patients say even that is now hard to get hold of.

Amy Alkon, 47, who writes a syndicated column on dating and manners, began taking Adderall for her ADHD about five months ago after Ritalin stopped working for her. This week she spent hours on the phone trying to find a pharmacy that could fill her prescription - and she couldn't find Adderall or Adderall XR.

"I have gone to the biggest medical centers in the Los Angeles area, I've called countless pharmacies and they have no pills," she said. "Nobody has anything."

For Alkon, the prospect of the shortage continuing is alarming. Adderall, she said, has changed her life, allowing her to organize her thoughts and tamp down what she calls a "tornado" of activity in her brain.

CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES

The DEA, while insisting its quota for 2011 was sufficient, nonetheless revised it upwards in December.

"We increase the aggregate so that we will have enough to respond to specific companies if their requests for more amphetamine salts are justified and needed," said Carreno. "The companies can and do request more amphetamine salts, and we can and do respond to those requests throughout the year."

Simply increasing the overall national quota, however, does not address company complaints that it takes DEA months to approve individual requests for new product.

Asked why it might take the agency months to approve a company's request, the DEA said it is required by law to balance providing enough API to meet the legitimate needs of patients while protecting the public from any diversion of potentially lethal substances.

"We do our best to accomplish both missions, and the quota system is part of the process for achieving this," Carreno said.

That is not good enough for CHADD's Hughes or other advocacy groups, who plan to lobby both the DEA and drugmakers to find a solution to the shortages.

"When you have a controlled substance problem, the DEA has to be involved in fixing it," said Hughes. "It is not sufficient to say it is an industry problem. We need to figure out how to build more flexibility into the system."

The DEA controls roughly 400 basic substances, in addition to derivative products such as salts and ethers.

The chemicals are divided into five schedules. Schedule 1 drugs include illegal substances such as heroin. Scheduled II drugs, such as Adderall and other stimulants, have a medical use but a high potential for abuse. Schedule III drugs have a somewhat lower abuse potential and include the painkiller Vicodin, while Schedule IV drugs include the tranquilizers Klonopin and Ativan. Schedule V substances include cough medicines such as Robitussin.

Adderall is popular on college campuses, even among those who do not have ADHD but want a performance boost. Students may trade the drug or get it from their siblings or parents.

Stimulants appear to work in patients with ADHD by increasing the availability in the brain of the chemicals dopamine and norepinephrine, which both appear to help regulate attention and executive function. Their effects differ slightly depending on the drug, and some people respond better to one than another.

"In every suburban high school and in colleges there is a significant underground economy around stimulants," said Harry Tracy, a psychologist and publisher of NeuroPerspective, a monthly publication focusing on central nervous system disorders. "Adderall can go for $5 to $10 a pop."

Physicians say it can be challenging to sort out who is a legitimate patient and who might seek the drug simply to enhance performance.

"Trying to determine the best thing to do can be a quandary at times because there is this question of whether the person is trying to get the medication for nonmedical reasons," said Steven Cuffe, a child psychiatrist and Chairman of the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Florida College of Medicine.

Right now patients are trying to scrape by, either by traveling long distances to fill prescriptions or switching to other products even if they don't work as well or are more expensive. But these are temporary workarounds and without a structural change manufacturers and advocate groups fear the problem will linger or even worsen.

"This does not seem to be a short-term solvable problem," Hughes said.

(Additional reporting by Ransdell Pierson and Lewis Krauskopf in New York, Jessica Wohl in Chicago; Editing by Michele Gershberg, Martin Howell in New York.)
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: Eliscu2 on January 10, 2012, 08:53:22 AM
Quote from: "georgeii"
It is from this book called Operation Mind Control (http://www.whale.to/b/Operation_Mind_Co ... Bowart.pdf (http://www.whale.to/b/Operation_Mind_Control_-_Walter_Bowart.pdf)) see Annex A on page 285.

Awesome Book! Thanx :notworthy:
Title: Re: The Macy Conferences:The Minds behind Mind Control
Post by: georgeii on March 01, 2012, 09:05:44 PM
Aderall and ADD
We can also see the influence of MK Ultra, and the concern of the Macy Conferences for establishing the importance of the objective concept of Mental Health. Both the Macy Conferences and MK Ultra were very involved in researching mental health and pharmaceuticals. Remember that one of the central ideas of the Freudian school society is not questioned, the collective is not questioned. Meanwhile the subconscious of individuals is a dangerous place which needs to be controlled.
Therefore individuals who are maddened by life in the current unequal irrational destructive dehumanised consumer capitalist society are suffering from a personal, internal problem, rather than society being perverse in itself. For example, the social scientists Wilson and Picket estimate that the current levels of inequality in Britain and America foster mental illness:
The societies of Britain and the US have institutionalised economic and social inequality to the extent that, at any one time, a quarter of their respective populations are mentally ill.
In this context, how do we square that 9% of children of the United States are suffering from ADHD?  And that these individuals need to be medicated with a drug called Aderall which is made by the same Swiss company Sandoz, which so many years before offered the CIA an exclusive contract for their entire production fo teh drug that they discovered LSD. This is a perfect example of the way in which the cybernetic system currently in place modifies the behaviour of the individual rather than develop systemic changes to society as a whole. There is currently a definition of normality, that it is normal to work 9 – 5, be a good consumer, be vaguely frightened of a host of possible evils (war, environmental destruction, financial collapse, bird flu), and to function normally while being bombarded by an unprecedented amout of information daily (from TV, internet, radio, computer games, newspapers, smart phones, laptops, etc.).
There are legal drugs for depression, drugs for anxiety, drugs for lack of attention, and illegal drugs for excitement, happiness and distraction. Just staying on the subject of legal, medicated pharmaceuticals, there is a narrow band of normality, and any deviation requires medication. In this way the individual is modified and the system maintains homeostasis.
At the same time we see the rise of the individual and the consumer. In modern society we celebrate our consumer choices as expressions of our individual personalities. We live in isolated apartment blocks, and are at least timid and at most frightened of talking to our neighbours.
A group of aggregate individuals, considered as particles in space with probabilities of behaving in one way or the other depending on stimulus is easier to govern than a society with a coherent body politic, or with an active public sphere.
Our consumer driven individualism on the one hand, and our frame of mental health disempower the individual and facilitate manipulative governance.
It is not that we cannot organise collectively, rather it is that working together  for the common good, or practical organisation among citizens is as Foucault would say completely outside our discourse, completely outside ur language for understanding the world.
With the establishment of Rees and Mead’s World Mental Health foundation, we remember there was a political undertone that the promotion of the mental health discourse, as focused on individuals, sought to gain a society wide / a professional status quo as to psychiatry, and an international consensus on the normality of individuals. In this way neurosis was shifted to the individual and discussion as to the how society itself creates neurosis was obscured. Added to this the pharmaceuticals which could regulate human behaviour, in a way similar to the green revolution, found a way to keep the thermostat at the same place, to maintain the status quo, by changing the individual (or as in the case of the green revolution by changing nature, not the economic / political system).
Perhaps at this point it is worth remembering Freud and Reich’s falling out:
Reich and Freud’s fight:
Reich was an especially devoted student of Freud in the 1920’s, but he challenged Freud on the fundamental basis of psychoanalysis. Freud argued that at heart human beings were driven by primitive animal instincts and the job of society was to repress or control these dangerous forces. Reich believed the complete opposite; the unconscious forces within the human mind he said were good it was their suppression by society that distorted them. That was what made people dangerous (from Adam Curtis’ Happiness volume 2).
As Huxley said – the plan for the second half of the twentieth century was to learn from the mistakes of facism, repression through violence simply didn’t pay, it wasn’t cost effective, rather repression and control with the voluntary and happy participation of citizens is far more efficient:
"There will be in the next generation or so a pharmacological method of making people love their servitude and producing dictatorship without tears, so to speak. Producing a kind of painless concentration camp for entire societies so that people will in fact have their liberties taken away from them but will rather enjoy it, because they will be distracted from any desire to rebel by propaganda, or brainwashing, or brainwashing enhanced by pharmacological methods. And this seems to be the final revolution." (Huxley 1961)